Введение. Артериальная гипертензия занимает ведущее место в структуре заболеваемости и смертности среди взрослого населения. Цель: изучить распространенность и гендерную структуру артериальной гипертензии у детей в Гродненской области. Материал и методы. Проведен ретроспективный анализ годовых отчетов о медицинской помощи детям и медицинских карт стационарного пациента УЗ «Гродненская областная детская клиническая больница» за период с 2014 по 2018 гг. Результаты. Установлено, что распространенность впервые выявленных случаев артериальной гипертензии у детей сохраняется стабильной на протяжении 5 лет наблюдения, а в гендерной структуре преобладают дети мужского пола-74,73%. Выводы. Для разработки мероприятий по улучшению состояния здоровья детей с артериальной гипертензией необходима ранняя популяционная диагностика данной нозологии как среди лиц мужского, так и женского пола.

Introduction. Currently, sulfur-containing amino acids are potential candidates as risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The purpose: to establish the role of sulfur-containing amino acids and their derivatives in the risk of developing arterial hypertension in children. Matherial and methods. 111 children aged 14 to 18 years were examined. All patients were divided into 3 groups: the 1st group (n=51) consisted of children with arterial hypertension, the 2nd group (n=30) – with high normal blood pressure, the 3rd group – 30 healthy children. The content of sulfur-containing amino acids and their derivatives in blood plasma was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Result. The concentration of sulfur-containing amino acids methionine, homocysteine, cysteine and cysteinylglycine in the blood plasma of children with arterial hypertension tend to increase in comparison with the group of healthy children. Pathological decrease in endothelium-dependent vasodilation accompanied by an increase in the concentration of methionine, homocysteine, cysteine, cysteinylglycine, glutathione in blood plasma and a decrease – taurine. A prognostic model has been developed based on the determination of the concentration of homocysteine and cysteinylglycine in the blood plasma of children. With a calculated value of p≥0,44, makes it possible to predict a high probability of arterial hypertension with a sensitivity of 90,2%, a specificity of 66,7% and a diagnostic efficiency of 82,1%. Conclusions. The concentration of sulfur-containing amino acids methionine, homocysteine, cysteine and cysteinylglycine in the blood plasma of children with arterial hypertension tend to increase in comparison with the group of healthy children.

The worsening of endothelium dependent vasodilation, antioxidate protection and increasing aggregation of platelets at children and adolescens with vegetative dysfunction and risk factors of atherosclerosis (n = 136) in contrast with given factors in the group healthy children and teenagers (n = 190) were revealed. The elimination of changing risk factors of atherosclerosis (smoking, stress, hypodynamia, atherogenic diet, etc) alongside traditional treatment with 12 monthes of rehabilitation the ill children the studing parameters at low and average level of the risk factors of atherosclerosis normalized and only partial сhanged at high level one.

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Background. Homocysteine is a sulfur-containing amino acid that can have a damaging effect on the vascular endothelium, being an independent risk factor for the development of cardiovascular pathology. The purpose. To evaluate the functional state of the vascular endothelium in hyperhomocysteinemia in children with arterial hypertension. Material and methods. 111 children aged 14 to 18 years were examined. All patients were divided into 3 groups:group I (n=51) consisted of children with arterial hypertension, group II (n=30) included those with high normal blood pressure, group III was composed of 30 healthy children. Plasma homocysteine was determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography. Results. Plasma homocysteine concentration increases in patients with high normal blood pressure and arterial hypertension compared with healthy children. Pathological decrease in endothelium-dependent vasodilation is accompanied by an increase in the concentration of homocysteine in the blood plasma.