The general state of fertility should be assessed by at least two groups of parameters: dynamic (mobile nutrients, acidity) and constitutional direct - mineralogical, granulometric, organic and chemical composition, as well as constitutional indirect - cation exchange capacity (CEC), sorption capacity, buffering capacity. The purpose of the research is to study and evaluate some of the constitutional parameters of the fertility of the experimental agro-gray soil. The humus content in the soil (2%) corresponds to the minimum permissible level. The soil has a low value of the sum of exchangeable bases (7-8 mmol / 100 g of soil), which is 2 times less than the cultivated analogue. In the soil, the share of free HAs increased to 11.5-14.0% (abs.) And the content of HAs not associated with calcium decreased to 24.3-28.1%. In the mineral part of the thin soil fraction of agro-gray soil 1-5 microns in size in the 0-20 cm layer, the content of functionally inert minerals is 63% in total. The number of valuable mixed-layer formations increases with depth. To compensate for the loss of clay fractions, cover loam enriched in nitrate forms of nitrogen can be used. The experimental product contains about 2.7% of total nitrogen, mobile and total potassium is 1250 mg / kg and 0.20%, respectively, ECO - 48 mg-eq / 100 g.

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Field experiments with soft wheat and malting barley, conducted on sod-podzolic medium loamy soil showed that under the influence of increasing rates of nitrogen nutrition in the leaf juice in the first stem node phase, the concentration of amino acids decreases. This fact is confirmed by high correlation coefficients. There is also a close correlation between the concentration of amino acids in the leaf juice, plant productivity and grain quality indicators. Wheat showed a close negative correlation of the concentration of amino acids in the leaf juice with the weight of 1000 grains, the total content of proteins and gluten in the grain, as well as gliadin and glutenin proteins, and a close positive correlation with the content of water-soluble, non-extractable proteins in the grain and the activity of proteases. The concentration of amino acids in the malting barley leaf juice was negatively correlated with the total content of proteins in the grain, the amount of gordeins, the total activity of amylases, and positively correlated with the test value indicators, grain extractivity, and the content of water-soluble proteins in the grain. The research results indicate that the concentration of amino acids in the leaf juice in the first stem node phase provides for a fairly accurate diagnoctics of nitrogen nutrition and prediction of the quality of soft wheat and malting barley grains.

In the field experiments with brewing barley, carried out on sod-podzolic medium-loamy soil, it has been found out, that the raising doses of nitrogen application increased grain productivity of barley plants (by 18-33%), grains protein content, α-amylases, сatalases and peroxidases activity, but decreased grain unit and β-amylases activity. In water deficit weather conditions (Hydrothermal coefficient of moisture on the G.T Selyaninov = 1-1.3) the raising doses of phosphorus and potassium (Р120, К120) increased the grain productivity of barley plants (by10-28%), the mass of 1000 grains, their germination ability and α-amylases activity, but decreased β-amylases, сatalases, peroxidases activity and grains protein content making it not more then normative level (12%). In 7-days germinated grains of barley harvested in the variants with raising doses of nitrogen it has been revealed increasing of α-amylases, proteases, catalases, peroxidases activity, but decreasing of β-amylases activity. In the variants with higher doses of phosphorus and potassium barley grains were formed, which observed on the 7th day of sprouting increased α-amylases and peroxidases activity and reduced activity of β-amylases. It has been revealed, that phytoregulators novosil and epin application enhanced grain productivity of barley plants (by 6-14%) and α-amylases activity in grains, but decreased β-amylases activity. In water deficit weather conditions novosil phytoregulator reduced grains protein content to normative level. In the variants with epin phytoregulators application barley grains were formed in which germination increased amylase and peroxidase activity, improving their ability to malting.

The paper describes a technology for cross-fertilization of berry bushes with simultaneous treatment of the space between the rows and technical equipment for its implementation, developed by ITSA – branch of FSAC VIM. The developed combined unit serves to the implementation of the technology for soil tillage with a disk harrow with adjustable working width in the space between the rows of the berry bushes under treatment, and it is able to carry out subsurface band root treatment with liquid fertilizers and foliage spraying of the bushes simultaneously and (or) separately.