Введение. Необходимость инновационной подготовки студентов вузов сегодня ни у кого не вызывает сомнения, однако проблема состоит в том, как наиболее успешно ее реализовать. Целью настоящей статьи является анализ разработки педагогической модели методической системы многоуровневой и многоэтапной подготовки студентов к инновационной инженерной деятельности. Материалы и методы. В статье обоснован и сформирован методологический инструментарий исследования в виде подсистемы взаимосвязанных научно-методических подходов, методов и принципов. Интегрированный и междисциплинарный подходы объединили все методы, подходы и принципы; системный, субстратный и структурированный -были направлены на разработку педагогических моделей многоуровневой и поэтапной подготовки студентов. Морфологический метод задействован при составлении моделей интеграции уровней и этапов обучения; гипотетико-дедуктивный -при выдвижении рабочей гипотезы; экспериментальный -для подтверждения гипотезы и эффективности исследований. В основу разработки моделей подготовки к инновационной инженерной деятельности и междисциплинарной интеграции положены принципы многоуровневости и этапности. Результаты исследования. Разработана морфологическая таблица моделей многоуровневой и поэтапной подготовки студентов технических вузов к инновационной инженерной деятельности. Одна из таких моделей междисциплинарной интеграции общетехнических дисциплин с различными видами деятельности была реализована в три этапа в рамках деловой игры «Конструкторское бюро». Эффективность модели и гипотеза подтверждены в ходе эксперимента. Разработана и реализована педагогическая модель подготовки к инновационной инженерной деятельности на основе междисциплинарной интеграции общетехнических дисциплин с различными видами деятельности. Конкретизирована методика педагогического эксперимента для многоэтапного мониторинга уровня сформированности инновационных компетенций. Обсуждение и заключение. Полученные результаты исследования являются основанием для методологического и научного обеспечения разработки научной концепции формирования инновационного мышления у студентов. Они представляют научный интерес для ученых, работающих в области теории и методики обучения техническим дисциплинам, и практический интерес для преподавателей технических университетов.Ключевые слова: инновационная инженерная деятельность, педагогическая модель, методическая система, технология быстрого прототипирования, компетентность, многоуровневость и этапность обучения Финансирование: работа выполнена при поддержке проекта № 18-013-00342 Российского фонда фундаментальных исследований.

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Introduction. The declared transition to the digital economy in Russia is impossible without a developed national innovative system consisting of regional innovative systems and its other substrata. The effectiveness of its functioning is determined by the level of development of each structural element of the national innovative system. The objective of the article is to analyze the innovative system of the university department, which is part of the university system as well as the regional and national innovative systems in general. Materials and Methods. Systematic, substratum and structured scientific approaches were used as well as analysis of known pieces of research on the issues under study including the previous works by the authors. Results. A hierarchy of innovative systems has been identified from the system of the department of a national research university to the national innovative system. A model of the innovative subsystem of the department with the identified innova- tive infrastructure has been developed. It is aimed at obtaining both specific animate innovative products: graduates of the university with competence in innovative engineering activities, and inanimate ones: tangible and intangible products. Discussion and Conclusions. The obtained results reaffirm the important role of each university department in the development of the national innovative system as a whole, and direct its work towards an innovative path of development, i. e. the creative productive intellectual and research activities, which will become the basis for the development of other innovative department systems. Further research may deal with substantiation of the expansion of the infrastructure of the innovative system of the department including through the creation of new sectors of digital designing and development of innovative products.

Introduction. Individual educational pathways are widely used in higher education to optimize the educational process and harmonize the personal needs of students. The problem of their further development consists in improving scientific and methodological support and meeting the requirements of documents regulating educational activities. The purpose of the article is to present the results of theoretical substantiation, development and implementation of a model for individual educational pathways in engineering education. Materials and Methods. As a research toolkit, a methodological system, including an integrated and interdisciplinary (combine all components of the model of individual educational trajectories into a system), systemic, substrate and structured (for designing new models of individual educational trajectories) approaches was used; hypothetical-deductive, analysis-synthesis, morphology and classification (to analyze all possible models of individual educational trajectories), modeling and design (to create various individual educational trajectories) methods were also utilized. Results. In the course of the study, the definition of an individual educational pathway was formulated. As a result of the joint work of the authors from Mordovia State University and the engineering universities of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan, individual educational trajectories were developed for students of engineering specialisms at these universities. A generalized combinatorial model of possible individual educational pathways of engineering specialism has been developed. Discussion and Сonclusion. The results obtained contribute to the development of the curriculum design theory in the context of individual educational pathways. The materials of the article will be useful to researchers dealing with the problems of personalization of learning based on the use of individual educational trajectories.

Introduction. Innovative activity, as a creative productive activity, has always been and remains the basis for ensuring the progress of society and innovative training is one of the priorities of educational institutions. These aspects become especially relevant in relation to the professional training of future technology teachers, who will have to prepare the younger generation for the innovative activity at the initial stage of their training and form a stable opinion among them about the need to acquire knowledge and skills required for innovative activity. To solve these problems, most researchers create an educational environment (EE) of the appropriate model (developing, innovative, ecological, etc.). However, they do not address the issues of preparing technology teachers for innovation and do not fully utilise all available educational resources, including digital ones. In this regard, there is a problem of creating a new innovative pedagogical and technological educational environment (IPTEE).Aim. The current research aimed to identify and substantiate the possibility of effective preparation of future technology teachers for innovative activities when teaching in an innovative pedagogical and technological educational environment.Methodology and research methods. The research methodology is based on the following conceptual provisions: 1) innovative activity has arisen together with the formation of human society and has always determined its development; 2) one of the main tasks of each university is the innovative training of students; 3) the training of innovative activity is understood as the formation of students’ competence in innovative activity; 3) the training of innovative activity is most effectively carried out in conditions for the formation of an appropriate educational environment. To implement the aforementioned provisions, the updated authors’ methodological system of research on the problem of innovative training of university students was used. Such methodological system provides the implementation of mixed, project, “inverted” and other methods of teaching innovation in the basis of integrated, convergent, environmental and other approaches to learning.Results and scientific novelty. The main result of the research is the formation of a new didactic category – an innovative pedagogical and technological educational environment. The environment includes conceptually-targeted, infrastructural, content-based, psychological-didactic, methodological-technological and relaxation-diagnostic components, its features are the following: 1) focus on innovative training of technology teachers as directly related to the material objects of the innovative economy of the country; 2) universality in the form of the possibility of using it to solve other educational tasks; 3) graphical visualisation of the environment model with an indication of the hierarchy and interrelation of components, its scale, combinatoricity and functional sufficiency; 4) compliance of the environment with all the requirements of regulatory documents on educational activities at the university; 5) possibility of full-scale implementation of modern approaches to learning (innovative, personalised, environmental, project, etc.); 6) possibility of constant monitoring and control of the implementation of the environment within its relaxation and diagnostic component; 7) use of modern educational technologies, including digital; 8) possibility of obtaining specialised knowledge and studying other disciplines within the framework of using network learning; 9) innovativeness of the environment, determined by the novelty of the approach to teaching the teachers innovation technology and its effectiveness.To teach innovation activity in this environment, a model of a methodological system for the formation of competence in innovation activity among future technology teachers has been created, combining conceptually-targeted, meaningful, instrumental-activity and reflexive-evaluative components. The scientific novelty of the proposed approaches lies in the fact that without violating the structure and content of the curriculum, innovative training of students is guaranteed.Practical significance. The methodological system of research and the concept of innovation activity are concretised, its structure is developed, effective methods of training of future technology teachers for innovation activity are substantiated, and the methodology for teaching innovation activity in an innovative pedagogical and technological educational environment is developed.