One of the most relevant and promising areas in the world of oncogynecology, enabling deeper understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of malignant growth, to study the processes occurring in women, is the study of molecular biological markers, characterizing apoptosis, cell proliferation and angiogenesis. To increase the effectiveness of combined treatment of the patients with endometrial cancer I−II (Т1−2N0M0) stages and prevent the occurrence of local recurrences as well as distant metastases on the basis of investigating the molecular biological features of tumor and their prognostic value, a study based on clinical observations of 125 women was performed. Their treatment included surgery and a postoperative course of remote radiation therapy. The strategy of adjuvant therapy was designed according to the definition of the group of increased risk of cancer recurrence in the patients with negative receptor status (ER, PR) based on the degree of differentiation of endometrial adenocarcinoma (G), depth of tumor invasion into the myometrium and its location in the cavity as well as the level of expression of molecular biological markers (VEGF, Bcl−2, Ki−67). To select the tactics of further treatment, each of the indices was evaluated in points on a scale. Next, the intervals of the total value of S points were set, depending on which the program of combined adjuvant therapy was chosen: up to 6 points the contact radiation therapy was performed, 7−12 points − there was applied a remote in the postoperative period; 13 points − after remote and contact radiation, six more cycles of chemotherapy were added. Analysis of the research results showed that the developed method of combined treatment of patients with endometrial cancer I−II (Т1−2N0M0) stages allows the personalization of the protocol of adjuvant therapy and recurrence prevention. Key words: endometrial cancer, molecular biological markers, treatment results, adjuvant therapy.

Background. The historical survey of the activities carried out at Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology and Oncology is of present interest, resulting from the need to structure the Institute development trends in terms of a centenary celebration. Providing insight to visions of the past, one can also apprehend historical events, personalities and phenomena. Purpose – to summarize historical findings on establishing and development of SO «Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology and Oncology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine». Materials. The study deals with analyzing historical scientific literature, manuscripts, archive paper records, data on electronic data storage devices and other carriers that reveal the historical aspects of forming X-ray Radiography, Radiology and Oncology in Ukraine, particularly in Kharkiv. Results and discussion. For a century of the existence of the Institute, the scientists of several generations have come a long way in forming and developing X-ray Radiography, Radiation Therapy, Diagnostic Radiology, Oncology, Radiobiology, Radiation Dosimetry and others. They were the first to receive radium for the country alongside with establishing oncology dispensaries, X-ray technical school and setting up a chain of remote research and support stations (13 radiology and 26 oncology ones). These days, the team of the Institute are going out of their way to further develop science and medicine to the benefit of human health. Conclusions. One hundred years ago, the first step in developing Oncology and Radiology initiated forming a new scientific community of experts, who contributed a lot to the formation of some frontmost medical science along with non-stop promoting efficacious scientific and theoretical evolvement of those.