In 2015-2017, the Plant Production Institute named after V.Ya. Yuriev of NAAS studied the dependence of protein content on growing conditions and genotype and evaluated its biological value for food production. Seventy barley lines and cultivars belonging to different varieties and originating from different eco-geographical regions were the test material. It was established that under the similar weather conditions of 2015-2017 the protein content in grain of spring barley accessions insignificantly depended on the cultivation conditions and was mainly determined by the genotype. In naked barley accessions, this parameter was significantly higher (12.05-15.46%) than that in chaffy ones (10.91-13.82%). Among the chaffy cultivars, Rezerv was the only cultivar with the protein content significantly exceeding the average throughout the experiment (13.82%); as to naked cultivars, 11 of 16 cultivars had protein contents higher than the average. In six-row barley, both in chaffy and in naked accessions, the protein contents were lower those in two-row barley. Cultivars Parnas and Berkut were singled out by protein digestibility as an index of biological value (69.80 and 74.20 mg of tyrosine per g of protein, respectively). Berkut was created by selecting from a hybrid population Parnas / Omskiy Golozyornyy 1, therefore, Parnas is a possible source of highly digestible protein, which may be of interest in barley breeding for the production of baby and dietary foods.

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Purpose and objectives. To establish the gene interaction types in the performance inheritance, to evaluate the combining abilities and effects of genes for this trait in spring barley accessions. Materials and methods. We investigated 75 F1 spring barley hybrid combinations derived from crossing 25 female forms with three male ones (chaffy and naked). Crossing was conducted in accordance with topcross design. F1 seeds and parents were sown with a cassette breeding planter SKS-6A. Grain pea was the forecrop. The plot area was 0.20 m2. The interrow distance was 0.20 m; the inter-plot tracks were of 0.50 m. Crossings were performed in two replications. Plants were harvested manually, with roots. For structural analysis, 20 typical plants were chosen from each F1 hybrid population, and the performance inheritance was determined by dominance degree (hp). The obtained data were grouped and gene interaction types were determined as per G.M. Beil and R.E. Atkins’s classification. Using two-factor analysis of variance in STATISTICA 10, we found significant differences between the GCA and SCA variances for the performance and evaluated the combining ability effects. Results and discussion. In 2019–2020, the features of 22 spring barley cultivars and three lines were described in terms of the gene interaction types in the performance inheritance and combining ability. On this basis, the prospects of biotype selections were evaluated. In the arid conditions of 2019, F1 only showed positive over dominance, while in favorable 2020 the inheritance types varied from positive to negative overdominance. In the two years, the general combining ability was high in female cultivars Khors and Troian. The male components did not show consistently high GCA for the both years. Hybrids between accessions with a high GCA and accessions with a lower or intermediate GCA may be promising in breeding due appearance of positive transgressions in the offspring. In 2019, the SCA effects were significantly strong in female forms Troian, Datcha, Gladys, Grace, Gatunok, Modern, and Herkules and in male forms Ahrarii and Scrabble. Conclusions. The study found that the gene interaction types in the spring barley performance inheritance depended on cross combinations and growing conditions. In unfavorable 2019, F1 only showed positive overdominance (heterosis), while in favorable 2020, positive overdominance, positive dominance and intermediate inheritance were observed. In 2019–2020, the high GCA was seen in female cultivars Khors and Troian. The strong SCA effects were noticed in female components Troian, Datcha, Gladys, Grace, Gatunok, Modern, and Herkules and male forms Agrarii and Scrabble. The hybrid combinations with the maximum probability of producing transgressive segregants have been selected

Plant Production Institute nd. a V. Ya. Yuriev of NAAS, Ukraine Bondareva O. B. Donetsk Experiment Station of NAAS, Ukraine Kovalenko A. L. Research Station of Bast Crops of the Institute of Agriculture of Northern-East NAAS, UkraineThe article presents GGE biplot analysis of results of environmental trials in 17 varieties of spring barley bred at the Plant Production Institute nd. a V.Ya. Yuriev of NAAS. The study results discriminate genotypes with stable realization of their genetic potential in a number of environments as well as genotypes combining a high level of a trait with its stable expression. The varieties Kozvan, Perl, Agrariy and Kosar were chosen as valuable source material for spring barley breeding. We think that GGE biplot can be a comprehensive alternative to the most conventional methods of assessment of adaptive features in genotypes.Introduction. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a strategic export-oriented agricultural plant in Ukraine. Increase in gross output of barley grain is impossible without implementation of high-yielding barley varieties that are resistant to biotic and abiotic factors.Analysis of publications, pose the problem. Environmental variety trials are an important tool for selection of genotypes with specific (narrow) or wide adaptation to a certain environment or to a range of environments, which enables predicting yield capacity of genotypes under these conditions and ultimately increases farmers' labor efficiency [1,2]. Nevertheless, capabilities of environmental trials are not always used to the full: usually yield capacity of genotypes is only analyzed, but information on other traits remains unstudied [3].The observed phenotypic variance (P) of traits consists of environment variance (E), genotype variance (G) and genotype × environment interaction (GE): P = G + GE + E or P -E = G + GE [4]. W. Yan [5] points out that E effect forms the major part of the total phenotype variability, and contributions of G and GE are generally small. However, G and GE effects must be taken into account in the process of selection of high-yielding genotypes.The term «GGE» emphasizes understanding that G and GE are two sources of variation that are pertinent to genotype assessment and must be considered simultaneously, when genotype × environment interactions are investigated.With time, GGE biplot analysis has turned into a complex analysis system, as a result of which the majority of environmental trial datum patterns can be displayed graphically [6][7][8][9].The aim and tasks of the study. The study purpose was evaluation of adaptive features of spring barley varieties in terms of performance and its elements using GGE biplot and discrimination of valuable source material for breeding of this plant.Material and methods. The source material was 17 varieties of spring barley bred at the Plant Production Institute nd. a V. Ya. Yuriev of NAAS. To determine their adaptive potential, in 2013 environmental trials were conducted in three locations with different soilclimatic conditions: Plant Pr...

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