The article presents the results of studies of fattening and meat qualities of young white pigs of different white breeds of different intensity of formation (Δt) in early ontogeny, biochemical parameters of blood serum (aspartate aminotransferase activity, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline transferase, alkaline phosphatase. It is established that according to the main indicators of fattening and meat qualities (age of reaching live weight of 100 kg, days; thickness of the sleeve at the level of 6-7 thoracic vertebrae, mm; length of chilled carcass, mm) young pigs of the controlled herd belong to the first class and class elite, and serum biochemical parameters are consistent with the physiological norm of clinically healthy animals. Taking into account the class of distribution by intensity of formation (Δt), a significant difference was established between animals of I (Δt = 0.795–0.832) and III (Δt = 0.660–0.703) groups on the average daily gain of live weight and age of reaching live weight of 100 kg. The relationship between the biochemical parameters of serum, fattening and meat characteristics of young pigs ranges from -0.250 to +0.385 and is unlikely. We offer in breeding and breeding work, along with the traditional methods of evaluation and selection of high-yielding animals use the method of evaluation and breeding indices.

Concrete floors are most commonly used in animal housing. However, the specific environment of livestock buildings (moisture, urine, disinfectants) has a negative effect on concrete and leads to its corrosion. The influence of chemical and physical factors on concrete is reinforced by the development of microorganisms, which quickly adapt and use concrete as a living environment. To reduce the influence of an aggressive environment on the concrete floor, an experimental mixture of dry disinfectants was proposed. The components of the disinfection mixture have been selected taking into account the safety for animals and humans. The TPD-MS method was used to determine the change in the chemical composition of concrete. To study the microstructure of concrete, the method of scanning electron microscopy was used. Microbiological studies revealed bacteria A. Thiooxidans, S. aureus, E. coli, S. enteritidis, S. Сholeraesuis, C. Perfringen and micromycetes of the genus Cladosporium, Fusariums, Aspergillus, which contribute to the development of biological corrosion of concrete in livestock buildings. The fact of the negative impact of concentrated disinfectants on the structure of concrete was also established. As a result of the studies carried out, it was proved that a mixture of dry components for disinfection exhibits antimicrobial properties to varying degrees to the strains of field isolates of bacteria and fungi isolated in a pig-breeding farm. It was found that when using the proposed mixture of dry disinfectants in the research room of the pigsty, the relative humidity decreases by 38.5 %; ammonia content – by 46.2 %; hydrogen sulfide – by 57.8 %; microbial bodies – by 74.7 %, compared with the control room. It has been experimentally proven that the proposed mixture of dry disinfecting components has hygroscopic and antimicrobial properties and is promising for use in livestock farms.

The article presents the results of research on the reproductive qualities of sows of large white breeds of different interbreeding differentiation according to some evaluation indices, determines the criteria for selection of highly productive animals, and the economic efficiency of their use. Based on experimental data, Annex 10 to the Guidelines for Pig Breeding has been modified (Correction factors for piglet nest weight at weaning at 60 days of age), and a new method for estimating sows by “sowing nest uniformity” at weaning piglet weight was developed (IVG60). The research was conducted in the research farm and laboratory of animal husbandry and feed production of the Institute of Agriculture of the North-East NAAS Ukraine and the laboratory of animal husbandry of the State Institution “Institute of Cereals NAAS of Ukraine” (2019–2021). The work was performed following the IPA NAAS № 30 “Innovative technologies of breeding, industrial and organic production of pig products” (“Pig breeding”). Evaluation of sows of large white breed on the indicators of reproductive qualities was carried out taking into account the following characteristics: fertility, ch.; high fertility, kg; milk yield, kg, nest weight at the time of weaning at the age of 32 days (actual), kg; nest weight at weaning time of 60 days (estimated), kg; safety of piglets before weaning, %. The index of uniformity (homogeneity) of the sow's nest by live weight of piglets at the time of birth (Ik2) was calculated according to the method of Kovalenko (2011) at the time of weaning – Halak (2020). A comprehensive evaluation of sows based on reproductive qualities was performed according to the sows' reproductive qualities selection index, M. D. Berezovsky's index and biometric processing of research results – according to the methods of Kovalenko and others (2010). It was found that 26.47 % of sows in the controlled population-based on reproductive qualities (multiplicity, head, nest weight at the time of weaning, kg) belong to the elite class, 65.44 – I, 7.35 – II class. According to the average score belonging to the category of “extracurricular”, the number of animals is 0.74 %. The sows of class M + according to the selection index of reproductive qualities of the sow and the index of M. D. Berezovsky is characterized by the leading indicators of diversity, milk yield, nest weight at the time of weaning at the age of 32 days (actual), and nest weight at the time of weaning at the age of 60 days (estimated). Compared with class M0 and M - peers, the difference according to these indicators is 4.6–4.2 kg, 23.3–23.6 kg, 24.6–25.0 kg, 60.1–58.1 kg, respectively, and is statistically significant. Sows characterize more balanced nests with a minimum number of piglets at the time of birth and weaning (distribution class according to the selection index of reproductive qualities of sows and the index of M. D. Berezovsky M -). The number of reliable correlations between the index “alignment (homogeneity) of the sow's nest by live weight of piglets at birth” (Ik2), the index of alignment (homogeneity) of the sow's nest by live weight of piglets at the time of weaning at 60 days of age (IVG60), the selection index of reproductive qualities of sows, the index of M. D. Berezovsky (I) and the signs of reproductive qualities of sows is 85.00 %. This indicates the effectiveness of using these multicomponent mathematical models in pig breeding. The use of sows of class M+ according to the selection index of reproductive qualities of sows and the index of M. D. Berezovsky provides an increase in additional production at 16.49–16.68 %, and its value is +438.90 and 443.96 UAH/head./farrowing, respectively.

The object of this study is the regularity of changes in the biogenic destructive effect of microorganisms on the concrete structural elements of livestock facilities due to the use of the original liquid phase mixture of disinfectant based on aldehyde and surfactant. Microorganisms use construction materials as a substrate for growth and nutrition; they produce citric acid, which leads to a change in the composition and morphology of hydrated cement new formations. The composition of the microflora of the pigsty has been determined, and the minimum concentration of disinfectant based on glutaraldehyde and didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride was found. By the TPD MS method, a decrease in the intensity of carbon dioxide (CO2) release in concrete samples during the heating of the sample to 900 °C was proved, compared to the control intact corrosion sample. Electron microscopy of concrete samples shows the presence of destructive changes and colonies of micromycetes. It was established that calcite was intensively released in the control sample of concrete, which retained its integrity and was not subjected to corrosion when heated to a temperature of 600 °C. Electron microscopy confirms the preservation of the homogeneous structure of concrete. The use of a disinfectant based on glutaraldehyde and didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride at a concentration of 1 % destroys colonies of micromycetes, 2 % – the shell of microorganisms, and 3 % – biofilm. Treatment of concrete with a disinfectant at a concentration of 3 % destroys microorganisms Aspergillus fumigatus and Penicillium oxalicum, inhibits the process of biological corrosion of concrete, and strengthens the structure of concrete. The results of the experiment can be applied to inhibit the corrosion of concrete and extend the life of building structures made of concrete through the use of a disinfectant based on aldehyde and didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride at a concentration of 3 %.

The results of research activities of reproductive qualities of sows of different breeding value are given, the level of their phenotypic consolidation is determined and the correlation analysis is carried out. The study was conducted in agricultural formations of Dnipropetrovsk and Sumy regions (LLC “AF “Renaissance”, research farm of the Institute of Agriculture of the Northeast NAAS of Ukraine, LLC “Druzhba – Kaznacheyivka”), livestock laboratory of the State Institution Institute of Grain Crops of NAAS of Ukraine and livestock laboratory economy of the North-East of NAAS of Ukraine. The work was performed according to the research program of NAAS of Ukraine № 30 “Innovative technologies of breeding, industrial and organic production of pig products” (“Pig breeding”). The object of the study were sows of large white breed. Indicators of reproductive qualities of animals of the specified production group were investigated taking into account the following quantitative signs: multiplicity, head; milk yield, kg, number of piglets at weaning, head; nest weight at the time of weaning at the age of 28 days, kg, safety, %. The BLUP index (maternal line) was calculated on the basis of the Main Breeding Center for Pig Breeding (Institute of Pig Breeding and AIP NAAS of Ukraine) according to the general model of a single animal. The index of alignment (homogeneity) of the sow's nest by live weight of piglets at the time of their birth, the index of reproductive qualities of the sow and the coefficients of phenotypic consolidation of the main quantitative traits were calculated according to the methods of V. I. Khalak (2012), M. D. Berezovsky (quoted from A. Vashchenko, 2019) and Yu. P. Polupan (1996, 2005), respectively. Biometric processing of research results was performed according to the methods of G. F. Lakin (1990). It was found that the maximum indicators of fertility, milk yield, number of piglets and nest weight at the time of weaning at the age of 28 days are characterized by sows of group I, in which the index BLUP (maternal line) is 109.78–128.75, the index of reproductive qualities (CPI) – 101.43–161.72 points. The correlation coefficients between the characteristics of reproductive qualities and integrated indicators are reliable and range from + 0.648 ± 0.0492 (index BLUP (maternal line) × milk yield) to + 0.984 ± 0.0086 (index of reproductive qualities (IRQ) × nest weight per weaning time at the age of 28 days). A high level of phenotypic consolidation on the basis of reproductive qualities of sows was found in animals of group II by milk yield (K1 = 0.561, K2 = 0.499) and nest weight at the time of weaning at the age of 28 days (K1 = 0.521, K2 = 0.472), peers of group I – by multiplicity (K1 = 0.315, K2 = 0.410) and the number of piglets at weaning (K1 = 0.296, K2 = 0.397). The calculation of economic efficiency of sows of different breeding value shows that the maximum increase in additional products was obtained from sows of group I, in which the index BLUP (maternal line) is 109.78–128.75, the index of reproductive qualities (IRQ) – 101.43–161, 72 points – +13.08 %, and its value is +332.08 UAH/head. These indicators of evaluation indices are a criterion for selecting high-yielding sows of large white breeds of controlled herds.