No abstract

Modern Ukrainian society is in various complex socio-economic and socio-political transformations that lead to changes in cultural and spiritual values, ideas about future professional development. The article from the standpoint of the social situation of personal development of early adolescence and the specifics of schooling highlights the problem of professional self-determination of modern high school students. It is important and relevant to study this problem in terms of understanding the choice of future profession by high school students, studying fluctuations in the process of building images of possible future professional self-determination under the influence of socio-economic and political situation in Ukraine, and taking into account age and intellectual maturity legalization of society, moral, socio-psychological pluralism in the media. The purpose of the article is a theoretical analysis of the problem of socio-psychological readiness of high school students to enter higher education institutions. Research methods: analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature; comparative-historical method of foreign and domestic experience in the formation of socio-psychological readiness of high school students to enter higher education institutions.

Based on the analyzed literature, it is established that leaders play an important role in the society. The sources have shown that each period of development of the society has its own leaders. This correspondence is due to the fact that leaders have the qualities that the society, social group or team wants to see. The use of methods of analysis of philosophical, psychological and relevant literature, phenomenological, dialectical method, systematization, generalization, hypothetical-deductive modeling made it possible to establish that only some qualities are instinctive and focus on self-preservation, self-realization, etc., but there are qualities that are acquired during the study in a higher education institution, in their combination they form a leader not only in the public, professional, political sphere, but also in life. Taking into account the information period of society development, its openness and uncertainty requires a person to be a leader. Having formed own «I», having mastered universal and professional values, developing leadership qualities, a person enters the whirlpool of professional life, enters a social professional group, with which the person began to identify himself or herself during the period of mastering the profession. Particular attention is paid to student self-government, which, in accordance with current legislation, creates all the conditions for the development of leadership qualities that are provoked by such values as life, people, justice, freedom, responsibility. Focusing on these and other values promotes the development of the following qualities: initiative, creativity, sociability, comradeship, sensitivity, professionalism, erudition, responsibility, ability to predict actions and predict their consequences. Having developed these qualities, the student becomes ready for life’s challenges, able to lead a social group, take responsibility for decisions, and so on. That is, the leader who is being formed today in educational institutions is ready to organize collective action to achieve the goal and master the values that are needed for a social group, team, society.

Стаття присвячена актуальним питанням визначення конкурентоспроможності закладів ресторанного господарства. Проаналізовано найновіші підходи до оцінювання рівня конкурентоспроможності закладів ресторанного господарства. Обґрунтовано необхідність визначення переліку факторів конкурентоспроможності окремо для кожного з типів закладів ресторанного господарства (кафе, бар, ресторан тощо). Адаптовано метод інтегрального показника для визначення рівня конкурентоспроможності такого типу закладів ресторанного господарства, як кафе. Окреслено групи показників конкурентоспроможності кафе, описано особливості їх оцінювання та охарактеризовано вплив оцінюваних показників на загальний рівень конкурентоспроможності.

The situation with the spread of COVID-19 coronavirus has revealed low preparedness in many countries to respond to the threat of a large-scale pandemic, showed the imperfection of national crisis management systems, as well as significant vulnerabilities in various areas, especially health. From the analysis of works of domestic scientists and publications in specialized publications for the period 2020–2021 it becomes clear that one of the greatest tools for tactical and operational decisions in crisis conditions, in particular, the COVID-19 pandemic, is the quality knowledge of crisis management. It is becoming obvious that in Ukraine it is urgent to start in-depth training of such specialists who are able to identify and solve complex non-standard tasks and problems in the field of management of health care organizations, to implement professional functions in situations of socio-economic uncertainty effectively, to fulfill management in crisis conditions; to formulate appropriate competencies for continuing professional development. It is advisable to provide in-depth training of such specialists who are able to identify and solve complex non-standard tasks and problems in the management of health care organizations, effectively implement professional functions in situations of socio-economic uncertainty, administer health care in crisis situations; to form appropriate competencies for continuous professional development of the manager. The shocking increase in the entropy of social processes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic requires the management of health care organizations to carry out a rapid organizational transformation that will provide the conditions for timely effective anti-crisis solutions, taking into account the experience of other countries to combat coronavirus. It is advisable to train professional staff in depth for such specialists, able to solve and solve complex problems and problems in the field of health, effectively implement functions in the uncertain socio-economic environment, administrator of the administration in crisis conditions of health care facilities.