Bacterial infections are a severe medical problem, especially in traumatology, orthopedics, and surgery. The local use of antibiotics-elution materials has made it possible to increase the effectiveness of acute infections treatment. However, the infection prevention problem remains unresolved. Here, we demonstrate the fabrication of polylactic acid (PLA) “smart” films with microchamber arrays. These microchambers contain ceftriaxone as a payload in concentrations ranging from 12 ± 1 μg/cm2 to 38 ± 8 μg/cm2, depending on the patterned film thickness formed by the different PLA concentrations in chloroform. In addition, the release profile of the antibiotic can be prolonged up to 72 h in saline. At the same time, on the surface of agar plates, the antibiotic release time increases up to 96 h, which has been confirmed by the growth suppression of the Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The efficient loading and optimal release rate are obtained for patterned films formed by the 1.5 wt % PLA in chloroform. The films produced from 1.5 and 2 wt % PLA solutions (thickness—0.42 ± 0.12 and 0.68 ± 0.16 µm, respectively) show an accelerated ceftriaxone release upon the trigger of the therapeutic ultrasound, which impacted as an expansion of the bacterial growth inhibition zone around the samples. Combining prolonged drug elution with the on-demand release ability of large cargo amount opens up new approaches for personalized and custom-tunable antibacterial therapy.

Полученный авторским способом, обеспечивающим максимальный выход флавоноидов, экстракт аврана обладает одновременно высокой противовоспалительной, избирательной антимикробной (выраженной в отношении Staphylococcus аureus, Pseudomonas аeruginosa) и жаропонижающей активностью. Преимуществами предлагаемого лекарственного экстракта служат низкая токсичность, доступность растительного сырья, а также широкий спектр его терапевтических эффектов.

The article presents the result of the analysis of factors that presumably affect the eating behavior of young people. The study involved 197 students of the Saratov State Law Academy of 1–2 courses of study. The study of the eating behavior of young people was carried out using an adapted questionnaire, which includes questions about the nature of the diet, the mode and frequency of food intake, the frequency of consumption of foods saturated with fiber, as well as junk food (sweets, fast food, sweet carbonated drinks, instant products, semi-finished products). The following factors were selected as factors presumably capable of influencing the eating behavior of the study participants: satisfaction of study participants with their own weight; the level of material well-being of young people; regular exercise; the frequency of psycho-emotional stress; awareness of students about the rules of eating behavior; intrafamily microclimate; subjective assessment of the eating behavior of the parents of the study participants. The data obtained indicate a high prevalence of eating disorders among young people, as evidenced by the frequency of eating disorders, insufficient frequency of food intake (less than 3 times a day), the frequency of eating unhealthy foods, rare consumption of foods saturated with fiber. The established correlations may indicate a positive influence on the eating behavior of such factors as a high level of material well-being, sports, adherence to the correct eating behavior of the parents of the study participants. At the same time, a high frequency of psychoemotional stress, as well as frequent intra-family conflicts, can have a negative impact. Thus, the results obtained indicate the need for an integrated approach in solving the problem associated with the high prevalence of eating disorders among young people, which is based on various factors.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is one of the most urgent problems of the modern medical community. Despite the introduction of constantly updated schemes of early diagnosis and treatment into practical medicine, there is still an upward trend in the number of cases, under-examined persons, and prognostically unfavorable outcomes. The review highlights the findings of epidemiological studies confirming the widespread prevalence of the disease, accompanied by rapid disability progression, high mortality, and significant economic damage. The review lists the main exogenous and endogenous risk factors for the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, including occupational etiology. Attention is drawn to the possibility of disease prevention in a professional environment with the proper motivation of the patient and the application of economic efforts. The article discusses the main causes of underdiagnosis and late diagnosis of the disease. Lifestyle modification makes an undeniable contribution to the prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and improving prognosis in the developed disease. Certain psychological characteristics that reduce adherence to treatment of such patients should be considered in organizing the management of this category of persons and creating special schools. It is important to create a classification of endotypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, as well as sufficient public awareness about this disease with the aim of the earliest possible diagnosis.