The research built on the anthropological approach to text comprehension links philosophical and psycholinguistic perspectives of speech perception. The article analyzes the factors influencing adequate comprehension when perceiving foreign language oral speech, in terms of testees’ approximately similar level of language competence and linguo-psychic characteristics. The object of research is counter-texts defined as those fixed in written form samples of а recipient’s internal speech emerging in the process of perceiving utterances. A counter-text reveals intertextual links between two pictures of the world – the author’s and recipient’s ones, wherein a new formation is a projection of a recipient’s consciousness on the initial text. Using the technique of counter-textual analysis, we were able to ascertain students’ individual strategies of understanding instrumental in adequate comprehending foreign language utterance. These strategies are retelling, translation and assertion, i.e. the ones that fix in recipient’s consciousness sense knots of the utterance for further cognitive processing. It has been established that understanding is marked by a small number of deviations from the author’s idea when, firstly, a recipient has a rather wide cultural scope, which provides points of coincidence of dominant knots of the communicant and recipient, and, secondly, he or she has verbal thinking. The received data also bears evidence to the fact of negative impact of creative thinking mechanisms that can distort the initial sense of the utterance.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the concepts of "love" and "marriage" originally as manifestations of the social organization of a society that connects individuals with one another, and its implementation in the Ukrainian language picture of the world. The author analyzes these concepts on the material of the works of Lina Kostenko. It is proved that the verbalized concepts of "love" and "marriage" produce the conceptual information contained in the verbal means of expression. It is stated that the means of expression of the above concepts are multilevel linguistic units, such as: separate tokens, terminological conjunctions, conventional metaphors, established linguistic expressions, paremia, linguistic cliches, etc. It has been determined that the culture of love and family relations in the Ukrainian language picture of the world is closely linked to verbal (literary and everyday) expressions. In the speech of love, the law of speech amplification of emotion works: the statement of emotion enhances the emotion itself, and sometimes even creates it. The linguistic representation of love is embodied in the culturally deterministic means of their verbal expression and is the main explicators of the ideas that have formed in Ukrainian culture regarding this feeling. It has been traced that one of the spheres of human activity that is clearly reflected in phraseology is love, marriage, family, family relations. This is why universal concepts include concepts such as love, betrothal, marriage, marriage, family, family relationships, which form a broad semantic field, or a semantic group consisting of smaller phrase-groups according to the name of the concepts.

The article proposes a new approach to the analysis of research methods in general and component analysis, as one of the methods of the structural method, in particular. The definition of the method, the purpose and object of the method is traced, a description of the method is given: the foundations and principles of methodological analysis, samples of their subject implementation, conditions of application. The standards and requirements for the use of the method are described. The area of application of component analysis in linguistic practice is characterized. It has been proven that component analysis allows one to describe an almost unlimited number of lexical units. Like other research methods, the method of component analysis is practically not used in "pure" form. Most often it is combined with descriptive, comparative, statistical methods of studying facts. To some extent, it intersects with the distributive-statistical method, based on the account of lexical compatibility. In this case, the components of the meaning of the word are those semantic features that are represented in the words that are combined with the studied. The structural organization of these features in the meaning of the word is carried out by its syntactic properties, and the weight of the features is determined by the frequency of words combined with given lexical units.

The peculiarities of functioning of demonological lexis in the works of Mykola Gogol in the phi­lo­sophical and linguocultural perspectives are considered in the article. Demonological lexis is determined to be one of the essential segments of ethnocultural representation. It is projected on linguistic culture and creates a peculiar semiotic culture of a particular ethnic group. Ukrainians’ belief in non-Christian culture various mystical forces along with sincere faith in one God, promotes active development of their spiritual culture and philosophical worldview. It is reflected in the artistic heritage. The purpose of the article is the analysis of Ukrainian demonology in Mykola Gogol’s works. The subject of the research is demonological lexis in Mykola Gogol’s works. The methods such as analysis and synthesis, descriptive, observation, contextual-interpretive, lin­guis­tic-stylistic were used for achieving the goal. Ukrainian demonology is proved to be a part of Slavic mythology identity and its attributive element. The philosophical aspect of the article is realized in demonological magic, the connection of the corporeal, spiritual, soul with the body, psychophysiological phenomena, altered states of reality etc. The authors analyzed the existing classifications of demonological lexis and defined that the Ukrainian demonological lexis forms structural, impaired, open microsystem in its constant development.

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