Blends based on LDPE and chitin or chitosan were prepared under high-temperature shear deformations in a rotor disperser at different initial ratios of the components. Although one of the components is an infusible polymer (polysaccharide), the powder blends were obtained. The composition of the powder fractions was shown to be identical to the original blend composition. It was found that the addition of poly(ethylene oxide) to the mentioned blends improves the biodegradability of the polymer materials and extends their application areas.Using various physicochemical methods, the structural and morphological changes in the polymer compositions under the action of shear deformations were examined, the mechanical characteristics of prepared films were determined, and also the features of their bio-, thermo-, and photo-oxidative degradation were studied.
ABSTRACT:The properties and fractional composition of chitosan prepared by the suspension method and by solid-phase deacetylation of chitin under conditions of joint action of high pressure and shear deformations was studied. Elemental analysis, particle size distribution analysis, viscosimetry, potentiometry, and other experimental techniques were used in the study. The specific features of chitosan obtained by solid-phase extrusion were examined.
The existing methods of preparing polymer blends of cellulose, chitin and chitosan with natural and synthetic polymers and their applications are reviewed. The methods of solid-phase blending of these polymers under conditions of joint action of high pressure and shear deformation are discussed. Normally, under these conditions the processes of dispersion of polymer particles, amorphization, mixing at different levels, depolymerization as well as a chemical interaction resulting in formation of branched and crosslinked structures can take place. The probability and intensity of these processes depend in many respects on the type and magnitude of the external force, but the properties of the polymers are of higher importance. The advantages of the method of joint action of high pressure and shear deformation compared to the conventional techniques of polysaccharides mixtures production are shown.
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