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The article discusses the results of the use of diallelic analysis in the study of self-pollinated lines of corn. The average grain yield of self-pollinated lines (2,30 – 2,84 t/ha), as well as the average group indicators of hybrids (3,29 – 5,49 t/ha) were noted. The effects of general and variance of the specific combining ability of the lines were revealed. Ranking by grain yield allowed us to arrange the lines in the following sequence: CL 7 <MK 130 U <RSK 25 <PH26 <Yk12D2, Om 255 <MK 11 <Ch46 <Bg1266 <LV32 <RSK 7 <Yuv 19 <RSK 3 <Om232, KS 25 <Od 28. The results of the analysis of the combining ability of self-pollinated maize lines indicate a low value of the GCA effects in the lines of CL 7, Ch46 and a high effect of GCA in the lines of RSK 7, MK11, RSK 3. Significantly significant indicators of the components of dominance (H1, H2.), in absolute value exceed the values of component D, characterizing the additive effect of genes. The difference between the total average trait of all offspring (ml1) and the average parental forms (ml0) has positive values, which indicates that dominance is directed towards the parental forms with a greater severity of the trait. An analysis of the components indicates that, depending on the growing conditions, 2–7 genes or groups of genes affect the manifestation of grain yield. In 2016-2017 The paratypical component of dispersion had a significant effect on grain yield (E).

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The article discusses the results of the ecological testing of hybrids (2008-2018) of maize (FAO 150-199), created in different breeding centers of Russia. The volume of the nursery for the environmental testing of ESI-1 hybrids varied in the range of 21-46 items. The coefficients of asymmetry and excess of grain yield, harvesting moisture and biochemical parameters are not significant at the 5% level, that is, the distribution of parameters is normal. An important feature of the long-term study of hybrids at the test point of the Federal State Budget Scientific Research Institution of RosNIISK Rossorgo is a significant variation in the hydrothermal coefficient (0.32-1.1). The experience (2010) showed a sharp decrease in the grain yield of maize hybrids (more than 2 times) in conditions of extreme drought, especially manifested in the second half of the growing season. Period 2012-2018 differs in relatively stable productivity of the standard and the best corn hybrids created at the National Research University of Russia. The ranking of hybrids by average productivity is in the following sequence: KS> (Krasnodar 194 MV)> Vo> Kr> YUV> Ze> Dp> Ik> Po> Fo> Om. Harvesting grain moisture indicates the technological feasibility of drying the grain of early ripe maize hybrids, since the real excess moisture can be removed without significant difficulties. The ranking of hybrids by average productivity is in the following sequence: KS> (Krasnodar 194 MV)> Vo> Kr> YUV > Ze> Dp> Ik> Po> Fo> Om. Harvesting grain moisture indicates the technological feasibility of drying the grain of early ripe maize hybrids, since the real excess moisture can be removed without significant difficulties. Hybrids are ranked according to the average value of grain harvesting moisture: Ik <Om <Фо <st (Krasnodar 194 MV) <KS <Po <Dp < YUV <Vo <Ze <Kr. The experiment revealed a variation in the biochemical composition of the grain of maize hybrids. The ranking of the best hybrids by crude protein content is presented in the following alternation: Dp <Ze <Vo <KS <Kr <Ik <Fo <Po <Om < st Krasnodar 194 MV) < YUV.