Анотація. Проблема впровадження гендерного підходу в систему сучасної освіти, зокрема у фізичному вихованні школярів, недостатньо розроблена. Нині у суспільстві існують статево-рольовий та гендерний підходи в освіті, які вважаються традиційними стратегіями соціалізації статі. У представленій статті розглянуто аспекти гендерної проблематики сучасного фізичного виховання учнівської молоді. Мета. Розглянути проблемне поле наукових досліджень крізь призму гендеру в умовах реформування системи фізичного виховання школярів. Методи. Аналіз, порівняння, узагальнення, систематизація, теоретичне моделювання. Результати. На основі проведених власних наукових досліджень, аналізу науково-методичної літератури, документальних матеріалів було обґрунтовано та запропоновано до практичного використання кардинально новий, прогресивний підхід у фізичному вихованні учнівської молоді, який має враховувати гендерні індивідуальні особливості школярів під час формування мотивації до занять руховою активністю, а статевий диморфізм – у змістовій частині фізичного виховання: при дозуванні фізичних навантажень, рухового режиму, інтенсивності, обсягу фізичних вправ тощо. У процесі фізичного виховання учнівської молоді через впровадження системи фізичних вправ, які будуть враховувати індивідуальні гендерні особливості хлопців і дівчат, можна впливати на формування рис характеру мужності та жіночності як соціальних моделей поведінки. Ключові слова: учнівська молодь, хлопці, дівчата, фізична культура, фізичне виховання, гендерний підхід, стать, гендер.

Quality of life (QL) is defined as the subjective perception of one’s own well-being in a socio-cultural context, the satisfaction of one’s desires and the achievement of an ideal level of well-being. Quality of life is related to health (HRQOL), refers to the functioning and well-being in the physical, mental and social dimensions of life.  Research purpose: to analyze the main factors of quality of life of male and female population in modern Ukrainian society.  Material and Methods. 482 men and women aged 20-60 took part in sociological research.  The following research methods were used to solve the problemsset in the work: analysis and processing of special literature and data from the Internet; pedagogical observation; questionnaires (SF36); methods of mathematical statistics.  Results. The results of their own research show that the male population had a better quality of life on all scales of the SF-36 questionnaire compared to women (p <0.05). Respondents under the age of 20-29 had indicators of quality of life above average on the scales of physical and role physical functioning; pain in this age group did not have a significant impact on quality of life. The general state of health was assessed above the average level by respondents aged 20-29 and 30-39, regardless of gender, they were characterized by high scales of social activity and viability.  Conclusions. It is established that the indicator General health is a system-forming factor of quality of life for men and women in terms of the number of correlations. The obtained results allowed to determine the expediency and speed of implementation of preventive measures for men and women depending on the content of certain scales. Decreased overall health (GH) in men and women after the age of 50 significantly affects their quality of life, as evidenced by the large number of significant correlation coefficients. In women over 50 years of age, there is a sharp decrease in RP (role functioning due to physical condition) to 46 points, vital activity (VT) to 50 points, role functioning (due to emotional state) (RE) to 53 points. In men at this age, role functioning increases to 90 points, and social functioning (SF) to 89 points, which may indicate an uneven distribution of family and social functions in the lives of people of different sexes, overloading women with household chores, which prevents them from spending free time, affects the emotional state.

Research purpose: The aim of the study was to examine the features of the educational concept of the family in mutual understanding with middle school children with different levels of physical activity. Material and Methods. 212 students aged 11-12 years, including 104 students (48 girls and 56 boys) who are not involved in sports and 108 students who go in for sports (36 girls and 72 boys). The following research methods were used to solve the problems set in the work: analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature data; content analysis; method of comparison; sociological methods of research (questionnaire “My family”); methods of mathematical statistics.  Results. The results of the testing of boys and girls revealed the following 8 factors of upbringing in the family: severity; fostering independence; mother or father domination; attitude to school and teachers; cruelty; relationships in the family; mutual assistance; community of interests. The rating of the factors of upbringing that affect the level of understanding in the family of girls aged 11-12 years, determines that in those who do not go in for sports “rigor and demanding attitude in upbringing” is in the first place, and in the second - “common interests”, while for girls who go in for sports “mutual assistance in the family” is in the first place and in the second “rigor and demanding attitude in upbringing”. The results of the definition of mutual understanding in the family show that the “successful” level was mostly determined by 57.14% of boys aged 11-12 who go in for sports, and the lowest percentage is noted for boys aged 11-12 years old who do not go in for sports (22.22%). Boys and girls who do not play sports are characterized by a “less prosperous” level of mutual understanding in the family (61.11 and 66.67%, respectively). Conclusions. The socialization of students in the micro and macro environment through the formation of values in the field of physical culture and sports is ensured by the following factors: rigor, fostering initiative, attitude towards school, rigidity in upbringing, family relationships, mutual assistance in the interests of the community.

Background. Physical education as a subject in general secondary education institutions aims not only to solve health and educational problems but also to form a value attitude to health, healthy lifestyle, fostering the interest in and the need for physical activity. Research purpose. The study aims to investigate the relationship between senior school age students’ value orientations and physical development self-assessment indicators to determine incentives to increase motivation for self-improvement by means of physical education. Materials and methods. The research methods used to solve the tasks set in the paper were as follows: analysis and generalization of data of scientific and methodological literature; content analysis; comparison and juxtaposition method; Ye. Bochenkova’s test-questionnaire Self-description of physical development, M. Rokych’s technique for defining value orientations; methods of mathematical statistics.  Results. Based on examining correlations between the 11th grade students’ terminal values and physical development self-assessment, a tendency was found to shift the priority of youth values towards life values, values of professional realization, and values of interpersonal relationships. Based on the results of the study, we found that the formation of value orientations in boys and girls in high school can affect self-esteem, which in turn is a stimulus for self-improvement and, through an effective component of physical activity, increases the importance of “health” for senior school age boys. On the other hand, girls have no such pattern, and the value of “health” is declarative for them. Conclusions. It has been determined that the formation of value orientations through an effective component of physical activity can affect the self-esteem of boys and girls, which in turn is an indicator of self-awareness and expresses the individual’s attitude to himself and is the basis for regulating their own behavior.

Research purpose: is a substantiation and modeling of appropriate norms of physical readiness of youth for service in the army. Materials and Methods. The expert group included 21 specialists (whose field of activity is physical education, special training, physical training in the security and defense forces). The following research methods were used to solve the problem posed in the work: theoretical analysis, comparison, systematization and generalization of materials of scientific, historical, methodical literature and guiding documents; expert evaluation (Delphi and analysis of Saati hierarchies); methods of mathematical statistics. Results. It is determined that even simple statistical methods in combination with expert information when choosing promising solutions often give better results than accurate calculations with a focus on averages. A comprehensive approach using peer review (Delphi), a method of modern theory of hierarchical systems Saati allowed to determine the structure of the projected model of physical fitness of young people for military service. The structural interconnected components of the predicted model with the corresponding weighting factors are the level of formation and development of general and special physical qualities (ρ1 = 0.411), the level of formation and development of special physical qualities (ρ2 = 0.235), the level of acquisition of military applied motor skills (ρ3 = 0.216), the state of the cardiovascular system (ρ4 = 0.138). Conclusions. The presented structural predictable model of integrated assessment of physical readiness of youth for service in the army allows to define limits of levels of components and to estimate their level of formation in points from 1 to 12, and also to correct the maintenance of means of physical training depending on such components which lag behind a proper norm.