An important role in the development of acne is played by the activity of the skin microflora (namely the bacteria Propionibacterum acnes) and members of the genus Staphylococcus. In the schemes of complex treatment of patients with this disease, antibiotics from among macrolides or lincosamides are mainly used. It is of interest to study the current state of susceptibility of staphylococci and propionic bacteria to these drugs, as well as to other antimicrobial agents in order to determine the prospects for expanding the arsenal of methods for treating acne. The aim of the study was to study the susceptibility of microorganisms involved in the development of acne to antimicrobials and antagonistic effects of probiotic strains of lactobacilli. We conducted a bacteriological study of the content of rash elements in 60 patients with acne. The biological characteristics of 40 strains of Staphylococcus spp. and 15 strains of Propionibacterum acnes isolated and researched. The sensitivity of microorganisms to antibiotics and antiseptics was determined by the disco-diffusion method and the method of serial double dilutions of drugs in a liquid nutrient medium. Determination of the sensitivity of acne pathogens to the antagonistic effect of lactobacilli was performed by the method of two-layer agar by reducing the number of microorganisms. The results of the study made it possible to establish that the isolated strains of bacteria show a low level of sensitivity to antimicrobials, which in medical practice are most often used for topical therapy of acne. Only 17.5 % of isolated staphylococcal strains were sensitive to erythromycin, only 45.0 % of strains of this species were sensitive to clindamycin. Strains of Propionibacterum acnes showed a higher level of sensitivity to antibiotics than staphylococci. However, the established indicators do not allow to consider highly effective means for treatment of acne on their basis. At the same time, a high level of sensitivity of acne pathogens to antiseptic drugs decamethoxine and Aeroplysinin 1 and antagonistic effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus was established. Thus, the strains of Propionibacterum acnes and Staphylococcus spp., involved in the development of acne, are characterized by high levels of resistance to erythromycin, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, benzoyl peroxide, which are now the basis of the arsenal of topical therapy for patients with this disease. There is a need to find new effective drugs for the etiotropic therapy of acne.

Acne is the most common cause of patients' treatment of dermatologists. It is known that in the development of the disease, along with the dysfunction of the sebaceous glands of the skin, plays a skin microflora, namely, staphylococci and propionibacteria. In this regard, in the schemes of complex treatment of acne, local medicinal forms of antibiotics are widely used. The aim of the work was to investigate the composition of the microflora contained in the contents of pustules with acne and to study its sensitivity to antibiotics in order to assess the effectiveness of modern methods of treating patients with acne. The contents of the efflorescences of 55 patients with acne have been studied. Isolated and identified 49 strains of bacteria. Their sensitivity to antibiotics of various chemical groups by the disco-diffusion method was investigated. The level of sensitivity to antibiotics was determined by the percentage of sensitive strains among the isolates. Quantitative determination of sensitivity to antibiotics was carried out by serial dilution of preparations in a liquid nutrient medium. It was not possible to isolate bacteria from the contents of pustules in 18.2% of patients. In 77.2% of the examined, microorganisms of the genus Staphylococcus were isolated. In 28.9% of the patients, the propionibacterium was excreted in the contents of vesicular elements in monoculture and in association with staphylococci. The sensitivity of the isolates of staphylococci to beta-lactam antibiotics varied over a wide range and oxacillin was low (34.3%) and high to cefazolin (97.1%). Low sensitivity was isolated strains of staphylococci to antibiotics most commonly used in dermatological practice in integrated circuits acne treatment, namely: clindamycin — 45.7%, chloramphenicol — 34.3%, erythromycin — 17.1%. Similar characteristics of sensitivity to antibiotics are established for isolated strains of propionibacteria. The current state of the antibiotic resistance of microorganisms involved in the development of acne requires the correction of local antibiotic regimens for this disease. Appropriate adjustments should be made based on the results of a study of the sensitivity of the isolated microflora to antiseptics, to which resistance in microorganisms is formed slowly.

Annotation. The relevance of the search for new natural antimicrobials is dictated by global spread of antimicrobial resistance. Studies of marine sponges of the class Demospongiae, including more than 7300 species, have become promising from the pharmacological point of view. Sponges produce a wide range of biologically active substances of different classes such as steroids, isoprene, alkaloids, terpenoids, etc., which can inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms or kill them. The trial of brominated isoxazoline alkaloid derivates named bromotyrosines has been enough promising. The aim of our work was to determine the antimicrobial activity of aeroplysinin-1 against clinical antibiotic-resistant strains of gram-positive bacteria and fungi of the genus Candida. The aeroplysinin-1 substance was isolated by methanol extraction from desiccated specimens of sponge Aplysina aerophoba followed with its separation by column chromatography in the Extreme Biomimetics Laboratory of the Electronics and Sensor Materials Institute, Freiberg Mining Academy, UT (Germany). Well method was used to determine antimicrobial action of the tested substance against clinical strains of bacteria and fungi (S. aureus, C. acnes, C. albicans). Aeroplysinin-1 was found to demonstrate high antibacterial activity against clinical strains of the genera Cutibacterium, Staphylococcus. The inhibiting growth zones around the wells filled with 0.1% solution of aeroplysinin-1 in dimethyl sulfoxide had diameters of 35.4±3.2 mm, 32.1±2.8 mm and 26.5±2.5 mm for cutibacterium, enterococci, and staphylococci, respectively. It was revealed aeroplysinin-1 had no activity against fungi of the genus Candida. So, after a comprehensive study of pharmacological properties of this natural bromotyrosine compound, which is a secondary metabolite of marine sponges Aplysina aerophoba, it can be added to the list of alternative compounds to struggle multiresistent to modern antibiotics pathogens causing human diseases.