No abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effect of two levels of olive oil, olive leave and their mixture on rats suffering from acute liver disease. In addition to determine the chemical composition and phenolic compounds. Forty eight male albino rats (Sprague Dawley) used in this study. Rats divided into two main groups. First main group (6 rats) was fed on basal diet, as negative control. The second main group (42 rats) fed on basal diet and were treated with CCL4 in paraffin oil (50% v/v 4ml/kg) by a single dose subcutaneous injection to induce acute damage in the liver. After injection, AST, ALT and ALP enzymes activity were determined in the first and second main groups to insure the induction. Then the rats in the second main group were divided into seven subgroups (n = 6) according to the following: Subgroup 1: fed on normal basal diet, this group used as a (positive control group). Subgroup 2&3: fed on diet containing (3.5% and 7%) olive oil, respectively. Subgroup 4&5: fed on diet containing (3.5% and 7%) olive leave , respectively. Subgroup 6: fed on basal diet containing (3.5% olive oil and 3.5% olive leave). Subgroup 7: fed on basal diet containing (7% olive oil and 7% olive leave). The results revealed that, injected rats with CCl4 induced decrease in feed intake, BWG% and HDLc, while organs weight / body weight%, serum (cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-c, VLDL-c, AST, ALT and ALP) increased significantly, as compared to non-injected rats (control negative group). Treating acute liver disease groups with the two levels from olive oil, olive leave and their combination improved all parameters, especially the groups which were treated with (7% olive oil and 7% olive leave) and (3.5% olive oil and 3.5% olive leave). From these results, it could be concluded that, olive oil, olive leave and the combination from them improved liver enzymes and the complication resulting from CCl4.

The present study was designed to compare the effect of different parts of louts (Nelumbo nucifera) (petals and seeds) on diabetic rats. Forty adult male albino rats were used in this study, weighting (14010g) were divided into eight groups, five rats each. Louts petals, seeds and their mixture as powder were added at percent of 2.5 % and 5% from the basal diet. Rats injected with streptozotocin dose of 40 mg/kg to infect diabetes. Evaluation the chemical composition and nutrient contents of louts such as total phenol, total flavonoids and antioxidant activity. Initial weight, final weight, feed intake (FI), Feed Efficiency Ratio (FER), (BWG %) and relative organs weight, serum glucose, serum lipid profiles (TG, TC, LDL-c, VLDL-c, HDL-c and AI), serum liver enzymes activities (AST, ALT and ALP) and kidney function (creatinine, uric acid and urea levels) were determined. From the obtained results it was shown that feeding on lotus petals, seeds and their mixture as powder caused significant (P ≤ 0.05) increases in HDLc, compared with control (+ve) group, and enhanced the kidney and liver functions with the decrease of ALT, AST, ALP, serum glucose, creatinine, uric acid, urea which reflects the powerful nutraceutical therapeutic effect for feeding on lotus petals, seeds and their mixture powders for treatment diabetic in rats. The best result was that of 5% lotus mixture powder diet.

The effect of different concentrations (2.5 and 5%) as powder and (250 and 500mg/kg/BW) as extract of chestnut fruits (Castanea sativa, M.) on obese rats were evaluated. Thirty six male albino rats weighting 140 ±10 g were used in this study and divided into 6 groups, 6 rats per each. Rats were fed on high fat diet (20% animal fat) to induce obese. Results showed that the highest body weight gain, feed intake and feed efficiency ratio recorded for 250mg/kgchestnut fruits extract, while the lowest recorded for 2.5 % chestnut fruits as powder with significant difference.The lowest ALT, AST and ALP liver enzyme of treated grouprecorded for group fed on 500mg/kgchestnut fruits extract with significant difference (P≤0.05).The highest cholesterol and triglycerides levels recorded for group fed on 2.5 % chestnut fruit powder while, the lowest value recorded for group fed on 500 mg/kg chestnut fruit extract with significant difference(P≤0.05).The highest (HDL-c) levels recorded for group fed on 500 mg/kg chestnut fruit extract.The lowest LDL-c and VLDL-c values recorded for group fed on 500 mg/kg chestnut fruit extract with significant difference(P≤0.05). While, the lowest uric acid, urea and creatinine values recorded for group fed on 500 mg/kg chestnut fruit extract with significant difference. As conclusion, obese rats treated with 500 mg/kg chestnut fruit extract had improvement lipid profile, liver and kidney functions compared withchestnut fruit powder.

The effect of different levels of black mulberry leaves (Morus nigra, L.) 2.5, 5% as powder and 250 & 500 mg/kg as extract on diabetic rats were evaluated using 36 rats which divided for 6 groups. Also, phenolics compounds were determined. Results showed that the values of total phenols, total flavonoid and anthocyanin contents of mulberry leaves were 13.80±0.93, 61.40±0.35 and 3.70±0.61 mg/g, respectively. The highest phenolic compounds of mulberry leaves recorded for pyrogallol and syringic acid. The mean values were 223.3 and 80.12 mg/100g, respectively. While, the lowest values recorded for gallic acid and vanillic acid. The mean values were 9.97 and 7.15 mg/100g, respectively. Group rats administrated with 500 mg/kg extract of black mulberry leaves showed highest valueswith significant differences of BWG, FI and FERcompared with other groups.The highest reduction with significant difference in GOT, GPT andALPlevels recorded with group administrated with 500 mg/kg black mulberry leaves extract compared with other groups.The maximum reduction with significant difference in serum triglycerides and total cholesterol recorded with group administrated on 500 mg/kg black mulberry leaves extract.The highest reduction with significant difference in VLDL-c value recorded for group administrated with 5% black mulberry powder, while, the maximum increment with significant difference in HDL-c value recorded with group administrated with 500 mg/kg black mulberry leaves extract. The maximum reduction with significant difference in LDL-c value recorded with group fed on 500 mg/kg black mulberry leaves extract. The highest reduction with significant difference in serum urea, uric