Phosphoglycerate kinase catalyses the high-energy phosphoryl transfer of the acyl phosphate of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to ADP to produce ATP, a reaction requiring magnesium ions. The enzyme is widely distributed and apparently highly conserved as a monomer of molecular mass 45 000. X-ray studies of the enzymes from horse muscle and yeast, carried out in Oxford and Bristol respectively, have shown that the molecular structures of the two enzymes are almost identical. The most striking aspect of the structure is that the single polypeptide chain is organized into two separated domains composed of the N-terminal and C-terminal halves of the chain. Substrate binding studies and the determination of the complete amino acid sequence of the horse enzyme suggest that the nucleotide substrates and the phosphoglycerate substrates are bound to the C-domain and N-domain, respectively, in sites that are separated by about 12 A. In order to bring the two substrates together for catalysis, a hinge-bending conformational change involving helix rotation has been proposed, for which there is independent evidence from solution studies. Crystals of the ternary complex of the horse enzyme have been prepared that may contain the folded form of the enzyme.

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EMP(Electromagnetic Pulse) protection facility was evaluated according to standard of shielding effectiveness. To comply with the standard, transmitting antenna was placed on outside of protection facility and receiving antenna was placed on inside of protection facility. However, measurement is impossible that place does not have enough space between protection facility and external concrete structure. In this paper, we performed a various of tests that put transmitting antenna inside the EMP protection facility in order to find out test method for measuring the shielding effectiveness of electromagnetic wave. Transmitting antenna was placed on inside of the EMP protection facility for measuring the shielding effectiveness to compare and analyze the impact of the position regarding to the transmitting and receiving antenna. As a result of test, in case that transmitting antenna was placed on inside of the EMP protection facility, it was found that test frequency range 10 kHz～1 GHz were occurred overall average difference of ±4 dB level.

:The variation of glucosinolates (GSLs) in Chinese cabbage ('Sinhongssam') (Brassica rapa L. spp. pekinensis) cultivated under lights to control plant growth conditions was evaluated at different development stages. Under experimental conditions in plant factory system, plant growth conditions including light, temperature, and nutrients were designed to enhance GSLs. The variation of glucosinolates (GSLs) in Chinese cabbage ('Sinhongssam') (Brassica rapa L. spp. pekinensis) cultivated under lights to control plant growth conditions was evaluated at different development stages. Under experimental conditions in plant factory system, plant growth conditions including light, temperature, and nutrients were designed to enhance GSLs. The contents of GSLs were quantified in Chinese cabbage according to different light sources (Red+White, RW; Red+Blue+White, RBW, Fluorescence lamp, FL) at development stages (28, 42, and 56 days after sowing, DAS) using HPLC. Nine GSLs including five aliphatic (progoitrin, sinigrin, glucoalyssin, gluconapin, and glucobrassicanapin) three indolyl (glucobrassicin, 4-methoxyglucobrassicin, and neoglucobrassicin), and one aromatic (gluconasturtiin) GSLs were identified based on peak retention time in previous results of our laboratory. GSL contents were higher in RBW (36.55) and lower in FL (15.24 µmol/g DW). Results revealed that GSL contents were higher under controlled photoperiods (20/4 h) (58.35 µmol/g DW) and controlled light intensity (160 µmol/m 2 /s) (34.02 µmol/g DW), respectively. Lower amount of progoitrin and comparatively higher amount of glucobrassicin and gluconasturtiin was noted in Chinese cabbage cultivated under FL light (2.38, 9.82, and 2.10) at 42 DAS, photoperiod 20/4 h (3.16, 2.52, and 1.30) at 28 DAS, and light intensity at 130 µmol/m 2 /s (2.28, 2.24, and 1.51 µmol/g DW) at 42 DAS. Therefore FL light, photoperiod (20/4 h), and light intensity (130 µmol/m 2 /s) were considered as most suitable for the enhancement of GSLs in Chinese cabbage.

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