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In this study, the cellular protective effects on HaCaT cells and human erythrocytes and antioxidative effects of P. tricuspidata stem extracts were investigated. The ethyl acetate (50 µ g/mL) and aglycone fraction (25 µ g/mL) of P. tricuspidata stem extracts doesn't show any characteristics of cytotoxicity. When HaCaT cells were treated with 10 mM H2O2 and 30 µ M rose bengal, the ethyl acetate (6.25 ∼ 50 µ g/mL) and aglycone (6.25 ∼ 25 µ g/mL) fraction protected the cells against the oxidative damage in a concentration dependent manner. The P. tricuspidata stem extracts showed more prominent cellular protective effect than (+)-α-tocopherol, known as lipid antioxidant at 10 µ g/mL. The ethylacetate fraction of P. tricuspidata stem extracts (18.5 µ g/mL) showed more free radical (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH) scavenging activity (FSC550). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging activity (OSC50) of P. tricuspidata stem extracts on ROS generated in Fe 3+ -EDTA/H2O2 system was investigated using the luminol-dependent chemiluminescence assay. The ethyl acetate (1.72 µ g/mL) and the aglycone fraction (1.53 µ g/mL) showed similar ROS scavenging activity of L-ascorbic acid (1.50 µ g/mL). These results indicate that extract/fractions of P. tricuspidata stem extracts can function as natural cytoprotective agents and antioxidants in biological systems, particularly skin exposed to UV radiation by protecting cellular membrane against ROS.

In this study, we prepared separators with improved thermal stability by coating microporous polyethylene (PE) film for lithium secondary battery using poly(meta-phenylene isophthalamide) (Nomex). The mechanical and thermal properties of prepared separators were evaluated by thermal stability test and TMA as a function of the Nomex concentration and coating parameters. The corresponding coated PE separator showed better thermal and mechanical properties than the original PE separator. Electrochemical properties were also assessed by ionic conductivity, cyclic voltammetry and charge/discharge cycle.

In our previous studies, the antioxidant, anti-aging, and antibacterial activities of Persicaria hydropipier L. extract, and the moisturizing effect of cream containing P. hydropipier extract were investigated. In this study, the cellular protective effects of P. hydropipier extract and isoquercitrin, main component from P. hydropipier in 1 O2-induced photohemolysis of human erythrocytes and ultraviolet B (UVB)-exposed HaCaT cells were investigated. Liposomes such as ethosome and elastic liposome for enhanced transdermal delivery were prepared. Size, loading efficiency, stability, and cumulative permeated amounts of ethosomes and elastic liposomes were evaluated. P. hydropipier extract and isoquercitrin showed more prominent cellular protective effect than (+)-α-tocopherol, known as lipid antioxidant at 5 µg/mL. P. hydropipier extract didn't show any characteristics of cytotoxicity at 50 µg/mL. When HaCaT cells were exposed to a single large dose (400 mJ/cm 2 ) of UVB, the extract protected the cells against UVB radiation in a concentration dependent manner (12.5 ~ 50 µg/mL). Cell viability of HaCaT cells exposed to UVB 400 mJ/cm 2 was increased by treatment with P. hydropipier extract or isoquercitrin from 36 % (cell viability of positve control groups) to 90 % (cell viability of P. hydropipier extract or isoquercitrin-treated groups). The size of 0.04 % P. hydropiper extract loaded ethosomes was 173.0 nm and the loading efficiency was 55.58 %. 0.04 % P. hydropiper extract loaded ethosomes were stable with as monodisperse particles for 1 week. The ethosome exhibited more skin permeability than general liposome and ethanol solution. The optimal ratio of lipid to surfactant

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