1,1-Bis(3'-indolyl)-1-(p-biphenyl)methane inhibits basal-like breast cancer growth in athymic nude mice

Abstract

Introduction 1,1-Bis (3'-indolyl)-1-(p-biphenyl) methane (CDIM9) has been identified as a new peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor (PPAR)-γ agonist that exhibits both receptor dependent and independent antitumor activities. CDIM9 has not previously been studied with respect to its effects against basallike breast cancer. Our goal in the present study was to investigate the anti-basal-like breast tumor activity of CDIM9 in vitro and in vivo.

Regulation of NADPH oxidase (Nox2) by lipid rafts in breast carcinoma cells

“…In the present study, we observed the lipid raft markers flotillin-1 in MCF-7 cells and caveolin-2 in BT549 cells. These results confirm previous reports of flotillin-2 in MCF-7 (28) and caveolin in BT-549 breast cancer cells (29). In the basal state, low levels of NADPH oxidases are constitutively expressed in cells (30); this expression can be enhanced by stimulators.…”

The Role of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ in Breast Cancer

“…1,1-bis(3 -indolyl)-1-(p-substituted phenyl)methanes containing para-trifluomethyl, t-butyl, phenyl [27] and biphenyl (CDIM9) [26] groups are CDIMs that function as PPAR agonists that exhibit both receptor-dependent and independent antitumor activities.…”

“…Naturally occuring ligands for PPAR include prostanoids, such as 15d-PGJ 2, and long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. Other substances include the statins [23,24], CDIMs [25][26][27] and phthalates [28]. Other substances include the statins [23,24], CDIMs [25][26][27] and phthalates [28].…”

Synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes using molten N-butylpyridinium bromide

“…BIMs are effective towards estrogen-regulated events in human breast cancer cells, and are found as a promoter-specific activator of estrogen receptor even in the absence of 17β-estradiol [8]. In addition to that, these compounds exhibits a broad spectrum of anticancer activities by inducing cancer cell differentiation, growth inhibition, and apoptosis [9], as well as analgesic and antiinflammatory activities [10] are also reported.…”