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Mousavi, Elham; Mohammadiazarm, Hamid; Mousavi, Seied Mohammad; Ghatrami, Ebrahim Rajabzadeh

doi:10.4194/1303-2712-v16_4_09

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Onion has been shown to have a protective effect on the digestive system, such as mitigate gastric ulcer (113,182), modulate gut microbiota (114)(115)(116)183), and ameliorate colitis (14,69,116).…”

Section: Digestive System Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alqasoumi (113) demonstrated that pretreatment with onion could ameliorate gastric mucosal injury and ulcer index elicited by multiple factors, such as pylorus ligation, hypothermic restrainment, indomethacin, and necrotizing agents. Dietary supplementation of onion powders could modulate gut microbiota with an increased number of lactic acid bacteria in common carp juveniles (183). Onion could also be added into poultry feed as a natural growth promoter, which exhibited a positive effect on gut microbiota and intestinal histomorphology (55, 114).…”

Section: Digestive System Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Advances in Bioactive Compounds, Health Functions, and Safety Concerns of Onion (Allium cepa L.)

et al. 2021

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Onion (Allium cepa L.) is a common vegetable, widely consumed all over the world. Onion contains diverse phytochemicals, including organosulfur compounds, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and saponins. The phenolic and sulfur-containing compounds, including onionin A, cysteine sulfoxides, quercetin, and quercetin glucosides, are the major bioactive constituents of onion. Accumulated studies have revealed that onion and its bioactive compounds possess various health functions, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anticancer, cardiovascular protective, neuroprotective, hepatorenal protective, respiratory protective, digestive system protective, reproductive protective, and immunomodulatory properties. Herein, the main bioactive compounds in onion are summarized, followed by intensively discussing its major health functions as well as relevant molecular mechanisms. Moreover, the potential safety concerns about onion contamination and the ways to mitigate these issues are also discussed. We hope that this paper can attract broader attention to onion and its bioactive compounds, which are promising ingredients in the development of functional foods and nutraceuticals for preventing and managing certain chronic diseases.

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Section: Digestive System Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Digestive System Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Bioactive Compounds, Health Functions, and Safety Concerns of Onion (Allium cepa L.)

et al. 2021

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“…Other authors have described a positive impact upon the gastrointestinal activity of humoral immune markers, such lysozyme (86), the activity of antioxidant enzymes and oxidative markers (67,106) or the down-regulation of the expression of pro-inflammatory genes, such tnfa and tnfb (61). Besides, the beneficial impact of phytogenics administration upon the intestine microbiota composition was also suggested (61,87). Nonetheless, analysis described were constantly incomplete in terms of mucosal immune response evaluation, since limited classical immune or oxidative markers were assessed in each of the above-mentioned studies.…”

Section: Effect Of Dietary Terpene Phenolic Compounds Upon Fish Mucosal Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…are shown in Table 1. Similar to studies testing phytogenics from Lamiaceae family origin, the evaluation of the supplementation of phytogenics derived from Allium sp., also focuses on few immune markers in skin mucus (88,93), histopathological observations or some inflammatory and oxidative markers in gills (89,96) and intestine (90,(94)(95)(96)102), or incomplete microbiological examination that lacks in-depth the functional interpretation of their mode of action at cellular level (87,90,92).…”

Section: Effect Of Dietary Organosulfur Compounds Upon Fish Mucosal Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytogenic Bioactive Compounds Shape Fish Mucosal Immunity

et al. 2021

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Aquaculture growth will unavoidably involve the implementation of innovative and sustainable production strategies, being functional feeds among the most promising ones. A wide spectrum of phytogenics, particularly those containing terpenes and organosulfur compounds, are increasingly studied in aquafeeds, due to their growth promoting, antimicrobial, immunostimulant, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and sedative properties. This trend relies on the importance of the mucosal barrier in the fish defense. Establishing the phytogenics’ mode of action in mucosal tissues is of importance for further use and safe administration. Although the impact of phytogenics upon fish mucosal immunity has been extensively approached, most of the studies fail in addressing the mechanisms underlying their pharmacological effects. Unstandardized testing as an extended practice also questions the reproducibility and safety of such studies, limiting the use of phytogenics at commercial scale. The information presented herein provides insight on the fish mucosal immune responses to phytogenics, suggesting their mode of action, and ultimately encouraging the practice of reliable and reproducible research for novel feed additives for aquafeeds. For proper screening, characterization and optimization of their mode of action, we encourage the evaluation of purified compounds using in vitro systems before moving forward to in vivo trials. The formulation of additives with combinations of compounds previously characterized is recommended to avoid bacterial resistance. To improve the delivery of phytogenics and overcome limitations associated to compounds volatility and susceptibility to degradation, the use of encapsulation is advisable. Besides, newer approaches and dedicated methodologies are needed to elucidate the phytogenics pharmacokinetics and mode of action in depth.

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“…Furthermore, substantial evidence has indicated that fiber and inulin are not hydrolyzed by human digestive enzymes and can act as prebiotics to ensure the viability of probiotics (Champagne & Kailasapathy, 2008;Nazzaro et al, 2009). In particular, previous studies reported that W. cibaria was able to produce short-chain fatty acids and lactic acid from inulin in the gut (Malang, Maina, Schwab, Tenkanen, & Lacrolx, 2015;Mousavi, Mohammadiazarm, Mousavi, & Ghartrami, 2016). The alginate concentration strongly affects capsule integrity and fluid viscosity influenced by the surface tension of the stirred CaCl 2 solution.…”

Section: No Vibration Frequency (Hz) Air Pressure (Mbar) Diameter (µmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal conditions for the encapsulation of Weissella cibaria JW15 using alginate and chicory root and evaluation of capsule stability in a simulated gastrointestinal system

Kim

Nam

et al. 2020

Journal of Food Science

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The delivery of active probiotic cells in capsules can reduce probiotic cell loss induced by detrimental external factors during digestion. In this study, we determined the optimal conditions for the encapsulation of Weissella cibaria JW15 (JW15) within calcium and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-alginate with chicory root extract powder (CREP). JW15 was encapsulated as the core material (10 9 cells/mL, 2 mL/min), and a solution containing a mixture of 1.5% sodium alginate and 1% CREP was extruded into a receiving bath with 0.1 M calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) and 0.05% PEG. Capsule morphology and size were measured using optical microscopy. The optimal air pressure and frequency vibration for capsules containing alginate only (Al) were 200 mbar and 200 Hz, respectively and 100 mbar and 350 Hz for capsules containing alginate with CREP (Ch), respectively. The voltage for both capsules types was fixed at 1.35 kV. Then, the capsules were incubated in a simulated gastrointestinal (GI) system for 6 hr at 37°C. The addition of PEG in a CaCl 2 hardening solution led to degradation of the Ch capsule (Ch-PEG) and the release of cells into the small intestine vessel in the simulated GI system. By contrast, the cells were trapped within the Al capsules. Based on these data, effective encapsulation using alginate with CREP and PEG can enable JW15 to be released at a targeted anatomical site of activity within the GI system, thereby, enhancing the efficacy of probiotic cells. These protective effects can be leveraged during the development of probiotic products.Practical Application: Weissella cibaria JW15 (10 9 cells/mL) was encapsulated in biodegradable and biocompatible capsules, prepared by mixing 1.5% alginate with 1% chicory root extract powder (CREP) in 0.1 M CaCl 2 and 0.05% PEG using an encapsulator. The optimal processing parameters were as follows: pressure, 100 mbar; vibration frequency, 350 Hz; voltage, 1.35 kV; and core flow rate, 2 mL/min. When the resulting capsules were subjected to a simulated gastrointestinal system for 6 hr, the cells were released into the small intestine, and up to 95% cell viability was preserved. These results suggest that capsules made from alginate with CREP and formulated using calcium and PEG are a promising delivery system for probiotic cells. Further reproduction without permission is prohibitedThe encapsulation efficiency (EE) of the probiotics was calculated using the following expression (Haghshenas et al., 2015): EE (%) = (Xt/Xi) ×100, where Xt is the viability of JW15 in

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Cited by 27 publications

References 18 publications

Recent Advances in Bioactive Compounds, Health Functions, and Safety Concerns of Onion (Allium cepa L.)

Recent Advances in Bioactive Compounds, Health Functions, and Safety Concerns of Onion (Allium cepa L.)

Phytogenic Bioactive Compounds Shape Fish Mucosal Immunity

Optimal conditions for the encapsulation of Weissella cibaria JW15 using alginate and chicory root and evaluation of capsule stability in a simulated gastrointestinal system

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