A flank eruption of volcano Nyamuragira in 1991

Hayashi, Shigenari; Kasahara, Minoru; Seto, Masahiro; Ndontoni, Zana; Tanaka, Kazuo

doi:10.11619/africa1964.1991.39_29

Cited by 5 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Nyamuragira eruptions from 1967 to 2011 produced between 0.005 and 0.136 km 3 of lava per eruption. While our data generally agree with the volumes reported by Kasahara et al (1991) for the eight eruptions between 1967 and 1991, there are some differences (table 3). Colclough (2005) (1976, 1980, 1991, 1989, 2000, 2001, 2003 and 2004) required small amounts of digitization after the classification to remove falsely classified flow surroundings, which were not possible to separate using the digital image processing software.…”

Section: Special Case: Mss Imagerysupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The available Landsat MSS bands detected similar spectral signatures for both water and lava, rendering The map of Nyamuragira lava flows produced from the Landsat, Hyperion and ALI image analysis is shown in figure 5. Table 3 shows lava flow volumes calculated using the technique described above, and a comparison of our results with previously reported lava volumes (Kasahara et al 1991;Smets et al 2010;Colclough 2005). Nyamuragira eruptions from 1967 to 2011 produced between 0.005 and 0.136 km 3 of lava per eruption.…”

Section: Special Case: Mss Imagerymentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Thonnard et al (1965) produced a map showing Nyamuragira lava flows erupted until 1958. Kasahara et al (1991) compiled published volumes from several sources for individual eruptions between 1900 and 1991, although no lava flow map was created. Since 1994, political unrest in the D.R.…”

Section: Volcanic Activity At Nyamuragiramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kasahara et al (1991) determined that an average thickness of 3 m was most appropriate based on compiled research of past Nyamuragira eruptions and, therefore, we also adopt this value. We considered DEM subtraction to better constrain this value, but the vertical resolution of available DEMs is too coarse to improve upon the thickness estimate of Kasahara et al (1991) IKONOS-derived digital surface models (DSMs) have a vertical accuracy of 2-5 m, although the lower estimate was a result of flat terrain, and for vegetated surfaces, like Nyamuragira, this value increases (Poon and Fraser 2005). DEMs derived from light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data are more accurate (0.5 m; Liu et al 2007), although LiDAR topographic data of the Virunga region are unavailable.…”

Section: Mapping the Delineated Lava Flowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Calculating volumes with a 1 and 5 m thickness (3+2 m) results in a 200-400% difference in the largest flow volume (2001) compared to the volume calculated with the average 3 m thickness. Since Smets et al (2010) and Colclough (2005) also use the 3 m average lava thickness suggested by Kasahara et al (1991), our volume estimate comparisons are actually comparisons of lava flow areas. The good agreement between our data and these prior estimates suggest that we have similarly detected flow boundaries.…”

Section: Lava Flow Volume Errorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mapping lava flows from Nyamuragira volcano (1967–2011) with satellite data and automated classification methods

Head¹,

Maclean²,

Carn³

2013

Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk

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The volume, location and extent of historical lava flows are important when assessing volcanic hazards, as well as the productivity or longevity of a volcanic system. We use a Landsat/Hyperion/ALI dataset and automated classification methods to map lava flows at Nyamuragira volcano in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The humid tropical climate of Nyamuragira is advantageous because its lava flows are emplaced onto heavily forested flanks, resulting in strong contrast between lava and vegetation, which contributes to efficient flow mapping. With increasing age, there is an increase in Landsat band-4 reflectance, suggesting lava flow revegetation with time. This results in a distinct spectral contrast to delineate overlapping flows emplaced *5 years apart. Areal extents of the flows are combined with published lava flow thicknesses to derive volumes. The Landsat/ Hyperion/ALI dataset is advantageous for mapping future flows quickly and inexpensively, particularly for volcano observatories where resources are limited.

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Section: Special Case: Mss Imagerysupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Special Case: Mss Imagerymentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Volcanic Activity At Nyamuragiramentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mapping the Delineated Lava Flowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lava Flow Volume Errorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mapping lava flows from Nyamuragira volcano (1967–2011) with satellite data and automated classification methods

Head¹,

Maclean²,

Carn³

2013

Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk

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High‐resolution TanDEM‐X DEM: An accurate method to estimate lava flow volumes at Nyamulagira Volcano (D. R. Congo)

et al. 2015

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Nyamulagira and Nyiragongo are two of the most active volcanoes in Africa, but their eruptive histories are poorly known. Assessing lava flow volumes in the region remains difficult, as field surveys are often impossible and available Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) do not have adequate spatial or temporal resolutions. We therefore use TerraSAR‐X add‐on for Digital Elevation Measurement (TanDEM‐X) interferometry to produce a series of 0.15 arc sec (∼5 m) DEMs from between 2011 and 2012 over these volcanoes. TanDEM‐X DEMs have an absolute vertical accuracy of 1.6 m, resulting from the comparison of elevation with GPS measurements acquired around Nyiragongo. The difference between TanDEM‐X‐derived DEMs from before and after the 2011–2012 eruption of Nyamulagira provides an accurate thickness map of the lava flow emplaced during that activity. Values range from 3 m along the margins to 35 m in the middle, with a mean of 12.7 m. The erupted volume is 305.2 ± 36.0 × 106 m3. Height errors on thickness depend on the land covered by the flow and range from 0.4 m in old lavas to 5.5 m in dense vegetation. We also reevaluate the volume of historical eruptions at Nyamulagira since 2001 from the difference between TanDEM‐X and SRTM 1 arc sec DEMs and compare them to previous work. Planimetric methods used in literature are consistent with our results for short‐duration eruptions but largely underestimate the volume of the long‐lived 2011–2012 eruption. Our new estimates of erupted volumes suggest that the mean eruption rate and the magma supply rate were relatively constant at Nyamulagira during 2001–2012, respectively, 23.1 m3 s−1 and 0.9 m3 s−1.

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Reconnaissance survey and macroseismic intensity estimation of the 26th May 2021 Gisenyi (Rwanda) earthquake (Mw 5.1) as a contribution to the seismic hazard assessment in a volcano-tectonic environment

Hategekimana,

Kim,

Mittal

et al. 2024

Nat Hazards

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A flank eruption of volcano Nyamuragira in 1991

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

Mapping lava flows from Nyamuragira volcano (1967–2011) with satellite data and automated classification methods

Mapping lava flows from Nyamuragira volcano (1967–2011) with satellite data and automated classification methods

High‐resolution TanDEM‐X DEM: An accurate method to estimate lava flow volumes at Nyamulagira Volcano (D. R. Congo)

Reconnaissance survey and macroseismic intensity estimation of the 26th May 2021 Gisenyi (Rwanda) earthquake (Mw 5.1) as a contribution to the seismic hazard assessment in a volcano-tectonic environment

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