A fully hydrophobic ionogel enables highly efficient wearable underwater sensors and communicators

Wei, Junjie; Zheng, Yinfei; Chen, Tao

doi:10.1039/d1mh00998b

Cited by 192 publications

(189 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

179

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The hydrogel/MXene surface shows a typical hydrophilic status with a water contact angle (WCA) of 23.6° ± 1.2° (Figure S21, Supporting Information), the SGC surface presents a WCA of 115.4° ± 3.8° due to the hydrophobic nature of Lipogel layer. Our hypothesis is that the long alkyl chains of L would preferentially accumulate on the Lipogel surface [ 37 ] when the SGC is soaked in water, due to the incompatibility between water and hydrophobic alkyl chains, [ 23 ] then the long alkyl chains coil to form a dense hydrophobic network with lower surface free energy, thus realizing the long‐term stability of SGC (Figure 2f). To verify above hypothesis, we compare the WCA for SGC with different L/B ratio.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Persistent efforts have been devoted to deliver anti-swelling capability for hydrogel by introducing hydrophobic segments, [18][19][20] elaborating high crosslinking density, [21,22] and/ or constructing fully hydrophobic environment. [23][24][25] Gao and co-workers [20] constructed a hydrogel-based wearable sensor via the copolymerization of hydrophilic and hydrophobic monomers in a mixed solvent consisting of water and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), which demonstrates outstanding anti-swelling and sensing features. Unfortunately, the miscibility between DMSO and water initialized the uncontrollable immigration of molecules to deteriorate the carrier transport path, therefore lead to the loss of sensitivity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Structural Gel Composite Enabled Robust Underwater Mechanosensing Strategy with High Sensitivity

Wang

Zhou

Liu

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

One of the key challenges in developing gel‐based electronics is to achieve a robust sensing performance, by overcoming the intrinsic weaknesses such as unwanted swelling induced deformation, signal distortion caused by dehydration, and large hysteresis in sensing signal. In this work, a structural gel composite (SGC) approach is presented by encapsulating the conductive hydrogel/MXene with a lipid gel (Lipogel) layer through an in situ polymerization. The hydrophobic Lipogel coating fulfills the SGC with a unique anti‐swelling property at an aqueous environment and excellent dehydration feature at an open‐air, thus leading to long‐term ultra‐stability (over 90 days) and durability (over 2000 testing cycles) for underwater mechanosensing applications. As a result, the SGC based mechanoreceptor demonstrates high and stable sensitivity (GF of 14.5). Moreover, several SGC based conceptual sensors with high sensitivity are developed to unveil their profound potential in underwater monitoring of human motions, waterproof anti‐counterfeiting application, and tactile trajectory tracking.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Structural Gel Composite Enabled Robust Underwater Mechanosensing Strategy with High Sensitivity

Wang

Zhou

Liu

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Herein, it is of great importance to develop a hydrophobic hydrogel with superior stretchability and low modulus. [18,25] Recent strategies toward this goal mainly includes SiO 2 nanoparticle doping [32] and N-alkylation reaction, [24] etc. However, the treatment time for such methods ranges from several hours to several days.…”

Section: Design Principle Of Ahbhmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adhesive and Hydrophobic Bilayer Hydrogel Enabled On‐Skin Biosensors for High‐Fidelity Classification of Human Emotion

Yang

Zhu

Guo

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Traditional human emotion recognition is based on electroencephalogram (EEG) data collection technologies which rely on plenty of rigid electrodes and lack anti‐interference, wearing comfort, and portability. Moreover, a significant distribution difference in EEG data also results in low classification accuracy. Here, on‐skin biosensors with adhesive and hydrophobic bilayer hydrogel (AHBH) as interfaces for high accuracy emotion classification are proposed. The AHBH achieves remarkable adhesion (59.7 N m−1) by combining the adhesion mechanism of catechol groups and electrostatic attraction. Meanwhile, based on the synergistic effects of hydrophobic group rearrangements and surface energy reduction, the AHB‐hydrophobic layer exhibits 133.87° water contact angles through hydrophobic treatment of only 0.5 h. Hydrogen and electrostatic bonds are also introduced to form a seamless adhesive‐hydrophobic hydrogel interface and inhibit adhesion attenuation, respectively. With the AHBH as an ideal device/skin interface, the biosensor can reliably collect high‐quality electrophysiological signals even under vibration, sweating, and long‐lasting monitoring condition. Furthermore, the on‐skin electrodes, data processing, and wireless modules are integrated into a portable headband for EEG‐based emotion classification. A domain adaptive neural network based on the transfer learning technique is introduced to alleviate the effect of domain shift and achieve high classification accuracy.

show abstract

“…Without any change in chemical composition and ratio of the ionogel compared to B-IG, the prepared sensor by B-IG-5 has the best sensitivity, whose GF is calculated as 1.9 at the strain of 100% (up to 1.6 times of B-IG), and it increased to 2.82 at the strain of 300%. Figure 4c shows the GF versus strain for stretchable ionogel sensors based on various polymer and IL, [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49] the type of polymer and IL basically determine the level of sensitivity. The detailed information and properties of our ionogel in different strains are listed in Table S4 (Supporting Information).…”

Section: Gf =mentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Adjustment Strategy to Improve the Sensitivity of Ionogels for Flexible Sensors

Zhang

Yao

Zhao

et al. 2022

Macro Chemistry & Physics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recently, ionogels-based flexible/stretchable sensors have been receiving great attention, which greatly promotes the development of artificial flexible electronics. Except transparency, stretchability, stability, self-healing, and adhesion, the high conductivity of ionogels and high sensitivity as a sensor still are huge challenges. This work proposes a spatial adjustment strategy to improve sensitivity and conductivity through reducing the spatial hinderance without a change in the compound types and ratio. The addition of space pre-occupier during the preparation of the ionogel reduces the entanglement of polymer chains for better flowability of the polymer network. After removing the solvent from formed ionogels, the obtained free volume could facilitate the movement of ions and mobility of polymers. Through this way, the sensitivity (up to 1.6 times) and conductivity (up to 1.3 times) of ionogels are successfully improved, while maintaining their excellent transparency, stretchability, stability, and electromechanical properties, such as fast response speed and good repeatability. The detecting ability of movements of different parts of the human body is proved. It is worth mentioning that this simple and effective strategy needs no special requirement for chemical structure, so that it has broad applicability in various systems and opens up a new way for the development of flexible sensors.

show abstract

A fully hydrophobic ionogel enables highly efficient wearable underwater sensors and communicators

Abstract: Underwater sensing has extraordinary significance in ocean exploration (e.g., marine resources development, marine biology research, marine environment reconnaissance), but the great difference between the marine environment and the land environment...

Cited by 192 publications

References 42 publications

A Structural Gel Composite Enabled Robust Underwater Mechanosensing Strategy with High Sensitivity

A Structural Gel Composite Enabled Robust Underwater Mechanosensing Strategy with High Sensitivity

Adhesive and Hydrophobic Bilayer Hydrogel Enabled On‐Skin Biosensors for High‐Fidelity Classification of Human Emotion

Spatial Adjustment Strategy to Improve the Sensitivity of Ionogels for Flexible Sensors

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About