A genetic comparison of pig, cow and trout isolates of Lactococcus garvieae by PFGE analysis

Abstract

Aims: Genetic comparison of Lactococcus garvieae isolated from mammals and fish. Methods and Results: One hundred and ninety‐seven L. garvieae isolates obtained from trout (n = 153), cow (n = 7) and pigs (n = 37) were genetically characterized by determining their pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) profiles after macrorestriction with Bsp120I. Overall, L. garvieae isolates from pigs, cow and trout exhibited distinct PFGE patterns, with a low genetic relationship between them. Isolates from trout generated two pulsotypes [Genetic diversity (GD) 0·01] showing that the fish isolates were more genetically homogenous than the others. The L. garvieae isolates from cows displayed five (GD 0·71) different pulsotypes, while the swine isolates displayed 13 different pulsotypes (GD 0·35). Twenty‐one of the 37 swine strains (56·8%) were grouped in a single cluster that included two closely related (93% similarity) pulsotypes. These pulsotypes exhibited a high frequency of isolation from different organs of the animals, and they were also broadly distributed among herds, suggesting a wide distribution across the swine population. This suggests that L. garvieae might be able to colonize different organs of the swine cardio‐respiratory system. Conclusions: Results indicate that most L. garvieae isolates from pigs and trout exhibited a distinct genetic background. Significance and Impact of the Study: The present study describes the isolation of L. garvieae from both diseased and healthy pigs for the first time, and the findings suggest that pigs could be a previously unknown reservoir of this pathogen.

Phenotypic, Genotypic Characterisation and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Determination of Lactococcus garvieae Strains

“…molecular weight standard (100-3000 bp), 1-13; L. garvieae field ve referance strains (see Table 1). Miniaturizing systems, as well as conventional tests, are used for identification of L. garvieae isolates and for determination of phenotypic features 1,7 . In phenotypic characterization studies which are done with conventional methods and miniaturizing systems such as API 20 strep, API 50CH, L. garvieae strains isolated diff erent regions without caring host range have a lot of common biochemical features and phenotypic homogeneity 4,15,22 .…”

“…From that time to today, Lactococcosis was progressively spread in aquatic organisms and the agent has been isolated from most areas of the world such as Bulgaria, Brazil, Greece, England, France, Italy, Israel, Portugal and Spain [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] . In Turkey first isolation was performed in 2001 from farmed rainbow trout 11 .…”

Garvicin A, a Novel Class IId Bacteriocin from Lactococcus garvieae That Inhibits Septum Formation in L. garvieae Strains

“…To avoid the economic losses of fish lactococcosis, several strategies based on the use of vaccines, probiotics, or bacteriocins have been developed (2)(3)(4). However, the host range of L. garvieae is not limited to aquatic species; it has been associated with subclinical mastitis in cows and water buffalos (5,6) and with pneumonia in pigs (7). L. garvieae has been also isolated from human patients with different clinical conditions, such as urinary tract infections, pneumonia, endocarditis, or septicemia (8,9).…”

Phenotypic and Genotypic Antimicrobial Resistance of Lactococcus Sp. Strains Isolated from Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss)

“…It causes great economic losses in the aquaculture industry worldwide (5,26). L. garvieae is also isolated from the milk of cows, buffalos with mastitis infections, and from clinical specimens of human such as blood, urine, and skin (5,8).…”