A microfocus X-ray tube based on a microstructured X-ray target

Ihsan, Aamir; Heo, Sung Hwan; Cho, Sung Oh

doi:10.1016/j.nimb.2009.08.012

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…For example, if the electron source energy was considered 50 kev, then the highest-energy in the electron-photon physics card was selected as 51kev to avoid confusion in the calculations. In calculating the spectra and range of dosage, considerations were as follows: output window material (substrates) of beryllium with a thickness of 0.5 mm, due to advantages such as transparency to shorter X-ray wavelengths, availability, high thermal capacity and high strength to weight ratio [ 38 ], low atomic number and X-ray transport without absorption even at low energies [ 39 ]. At all stages of simulation, the sources were placed in spherical phantom, and the density of water or air can be selected depending on the type of output.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Effect of Source Geometry on the Output of Miniature X-ray Tube for Electronic Brachytherapy through Simulation

et al. 2018

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Objective: The use of miniature X-ray source in electronic brachytherapy is on the rise so there is an urgent need to acquire more knowledge on X-ray spectrum production and distribution by a dose. The aim of this research was to investigate the influence of target thickness and geometry at the source of miniature X-ray tube on tube output. Method:Five sources were simulated based on problems each with a specific geometric structure and conditions using MCNPX code. Tallies proportional to the output were used to calculate the results for the influence of source geometry on output. Results:The results of this work include the size of the optimal thickness of 5 miniature sources, energy spectrum of the sources per 50 kev and also the axial and transverse dose of simulated sources were calculated based on these thicknesses. The miniature source geometric was affected on the output x-ray tube. Conclusion:The result of this study demonstrates that hemispherical-conical, hemispherical and truncated-conical miniature sources were determined as the most suitable tools.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Effect of Source Geometry on the Output of Miniature X-ray Tube for Electronic Brachytherapy through Simulation

et al. 2018

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“…[ 15 – 17 ], is employed. This method is used to express the intensity of X-ray photons Φ c ( x , hv ) emitted from the position x of target within the energy interval from hv to hv + d ( hv ) as: where Z is the atomic number of the target material; K is the constant K = 1.35 × 10 9 photons sr −1 mA −1 keV −1 s −1 ; hv 0 the maximum photon energy equal to the operation voltage; i e the tube current; Ω the solid angle in which the X-ray photons are emitted; n = 1, x = 1.109 − 0.00435 Z + 0.00175 hv 0 , and f the absorption term which describes the attenuation of emitted X-rays into the anode by Love and Scott’s distribution [ 11 , 18 ].…”

Section: Theories and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ihsan et al . [ 11 ] proposed a micro-structured X-ray target for the purpose of achieving a small active X-ray focal spot size with an unfocused electron beam. They assumed that X-rays are produced only at the micro-structured target when irradiated with a larger scale electron beam, so the focal spot size of the generated X-ray is determined only by the lateral size of the microstructures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Microfocus X-Ray Tube Based on a Point-Like Target Used for Micro-Computed Tomography

Zhou¹,

Zhou

Li³

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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For a micro-Computed Tomography (Micro-CT) system, the microfocus X-ray tube is an essential component because the spatial resolution of CT images, in theory, is mainly determined by the size and stability of the X-ray focal spot of the microfocus X-ray tube. However, many factors, including voltage fluctuations, mechanical vibrations, and temperature changes, can cause the size and the stability of the X-ray focal spot to degrade. A new microfocus X-ray tube based on a point-like micro-target in which the X-ray target is irradiated with an unfocused electron beam was investigated. EGS4 Monte Carlo simulation code was employed for the calculation of the X-ray intensity produced from the point-like micro-target and the substrate. The effects of several arrangements of the target material, target and beam size were studied. The simulation results demonstrated that if the intensity of X-rays generated at the point-like target is greater than half of the X-ray intensity produced on the substrate, the X-ray focal spot is determined in part by the point-like target rather than by the electron beam in the conventional X-ray tube. In theory, since it is able to reduce those unfavorable effects such as the electron beam trajectory swinging and the beam size changing for the microfocus X-ray tube, it could alleviate CT image artifacts caused by the X-ray focal spot shift and size change.

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“…A beryllium (Be) window with a thickness of 0.5 mm was used. The target parameters have been studied and optimized by our group, and the details can be found elsewhere (Ihsan et al, 2007(Ihsan et al, , 2009(Ihsan et al, , 2011. The photon flux averaged over the tally surface was obtained using 1 Â 10 9 particle histories with an interval of 100 eV.…”

Section: Angular Distribution Of Characteristic X-raysmentioning

confidence: 99%