A “New” Rh Antibody (Anti‐Rh 26) which Detects a Factor Usually Accompanying hr‘

Abstract

A aerum (J.D.) obtained from a donor of type RhlRh,(CCDee.) was determined by the usual atudies to be anti-hr'(c). It was eventually found, however, to give no reaction with an occarional blood sample which was hr'-pitive with all other typing serums. Cells of the latter phenotype (J.U.negative, hr'-positive) rhow a weakened expression of both hr' and hr(f). The characteristic is inherited, is expressed in the heterozygote, and has not yet been found in the hamozygoua form. The J.D. aerum has been designated as anti-Rh26, hence the Rh phenotype identified by it is Rh: w4, w6, -26. Most hr'-positive red blood c e h also pos-IUW Rh26. One donor Jnmesaing Rh26 but not hr' has been detected.SINCE the retraction of cv.2 the Rh factor hr'(c) has not been subtyped and seldom found to be weakly expressed,3 nor has anti-hr' been considered a mixed antibody. A recently discovered serum has, however, revealed a distinct, inherited Rh phenotype, in which the expression of hr' and hr is affected, and which was initially thought to represent a variant of hr'. The SerumA potent anti-hr'(c) was obtained from J.D., a young woman with a history of having had three transfusions in 1958 for an ectopic pregnancy, followed by two stillbirths, in 1960 and 1961, apparently due to crythroblastosis. She is group 0, phenotype Rh,Rh, (CCDee); her husband is group A, phenotype Rh,rh (ccDEe). The J.D. serum had a titer of 1:16 (antiglobulin) against Rhlrh (CcDee) cells, 1 : 32 against rh (cde) cells. It was also active against saline-

RHCE*ceCF encodes partial c and partial e but not CELO, an antigen antithetical to Crawford

“…RBCs with altered Rhce and considered to be hr S − included ceAR, ceBI, ceEK, and ceMO, and those considered to be hr B − included ce S (encoded by RHCE * ce 48C, 733G, 1006T ), ceMO, 1,12 and (C)ce S (r′ S ) 1 . Partial c antigens have been reported to be associated with RH:−26, (C)ce S , ce S (340), and ceAR 13‐20 . We have shown here that RhceCF expresses partial c and e antigens.…”

“…1 Partial c antigens have been reported to be associated with RH:-26, (C)ce S , ce S (340), and ceAR. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] We have shown here that RhceCF expresses partial c and e antigens. Each of the previously mentioned alleles encodes a different phenotype and the alloanti-c and/or anti-e are not expected to be mutually compatible.…”

Molecular basis of the LOCR (Rh55) antigen

“…All four samples were tested by a one‐stage papain capillary test with the original examples of anti‐Rh26 (J.D. ) 21 and anti‐LOCR (Cr. ) 18 and by the capillary indirect antiglobulin method with a monoclonal antibody (BS240) 22 originally thought to be anti‐c.…”

Alloanti‐c in a c‐positive, JAL‐positive patient

“…One, an alloanti-c in a c+ (presumed phenotype R 1 r) person, was reported by Moulds and coworkers [2]. The other was anti-Rh26, which can appear as anti-c, and has been made by a Rh26−, c− person [3] and also by a RH26−, c+ person [4]. Molecular studies have shown that Rh26 is antithetical to the low-prevalence antigen LOCR and serological studies have shown that the LOCR+ phenotype encodes altered (weakened) expression of c [5].…”