A New Route of Fucoidan Immobilization on Low Density Polyethylene and Its Blood Compatibility and Anticoagulation Activity

Abstract

Beside biomaterials’ bulk properties, their surface properties are equally important to control interfacial biocompatibility. However, due to the inadequate interaction with tissue, they may cause foreign body reaction. Moreover, surface induced thrombosis can occur when biomaterials are used for blood containing applications. Surface modification of the biomaterials can bring enhanced surface properties in biomedical applications. Sulfated polysaccharide coatings can be used to avoid surface induced thrombosis which may cause vascular occlusion (blocking the blood flow by blood clot), which results in serious health problems. Naturally occurring heparin is one of the sulfated polysaccharides most commonly used as an anticoagulant, but its long term usage causes hemorrhage. Marine sourced sulfated polysaccharide fucoidan is an alternative anticoagulant without the hemorrhage drawback. Heparin and fucoidan immobilization onto a low density polyethylene surface after functionalization by plasma has been studied. Surface energy was demonstrated by water contact angle test and chemical characterizations were carried out by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Surface morphology was monitored by scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscope. Finally, their anticoagulation activity was examined for prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and thrombin time (TT).

Physical and Morphological Changes of Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) after Using Non-Thermal Plasma-Treatments

“…PTFE has a relatively low surface energy and its total surface energy increased regardless of the treatment. In the case of DC, the highest values correspond to the foils exposed to 20 min treatment with a power input of 50 W; nevertheless, there is no drastic surface energy change if shorter plasma durations are applied, and 1 min of treatment is enough for a cost-efficient surface modification [ 23 , 24 , 25 ]. This may be confirmed with the radiofrequency experiments, where it is evident that 1 min is sufficient as the further treatment or power input merely had an effect on surface energy.…”

Fucoidan Immobilized at the Surface of a Fibrous Mesh Presents Toxic Effects over Melanoma Cells, But Not over Noncancer Skin Cells

“…Furthermore, the Article immobilization of fucoidan also increased the oxygen content due to the presence of this element in functional groups within the polysaccharide structure, including the sulfates. 45 One of the major disadvantages of some current cancer treatments is the fact that, besides affecting the tumor, they also have severe toxic effects over many healthy tissues. 46 Therefore, when developing systems for melanoma treatment, there is the need to evaluate their cytotoxic effects not only over melanoma cells, but also over adjacent noncancer cells.…”

Anticoagulant Polyethylene Terephthalate Surface by Plasma-Mediated Fucoidan Immobilization

“…In our previous study, fucoidan from Fucus vesiculosus was immobilized onto low density polyethylene at its natural pH value and it exhibited an anticoagulant activity slightly higher than the threshold [47]. In this study, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was used as a substrate, due to its unique chemical and physical properties with highly crystalline structure, to create a functional anticoagulant surface using fucoidan from Fucus vesiculosus (FU).…”