A novel 3'‐tRNA<sup>Glu</sup>‐derived fragment acts as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer by targeting nucleolin

Falconi, Maurizio; Giangrossi, Mara; Zabaleta, María Eléxpuru; Wang, Junbiao; Gambini, Valentina; Tilio, Martina; Bencardino, Daniela; Occhipinti, Sergio; Belletti, Barbara; Laudadio, Emiliano; Galeazzi, Roberta; Marchini, Cristina; Amici, Augusto

doi:10.1096/fj.201900382rr

“…[45]. tRF3E derived from mature tRNA-Glu levels, as a tumor suppressor, significantly decreased in the blood of the patients with HER2 positive (control > early cancer > metastatic cancer) [46].…”

Section: Breast Cancermentioning

confidence: 96%

Dynamic Signature of tRNA-Derived small RNAs in Cancer Pathogenesis as a Promising Valuable Approach

Fattahi

¹

,

Sahlolbei

²

,

Vafaei

³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Non-coding RNAs are a cluster of RNAs that do not encode functional proteins, and involve infrastructural and regulatory types, which transfer RNAs (tRNAs) belong to former and small RNAs (sRNA) to the latter one. Recently, tRNA-derived small RNAs (tDRs) were discovered among small non-coding RNA, as the newly discovered regulatory small RNA. It plays a role in pathological and physiological processes, which is frequently dysregulated in gene expression regulation. tsRNAs can be bounded to argonaute proteins and piwi proteins such as miRNAs and piRNAs sequentially. In addition, it can interact with DNA and histone methylation machinery Results: In initial searching, 2744 unique articles were identified by bio electronically search of following databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and google scholar up to 25 February 2020. Finally, after Full-text assessment 48 related article to gene expression profiling tsRNA in cancer were achieved. Conclusions: In this systematic review, we summarized the most recent findings related to the expression of tsRNAs in 17 cancer types. We suggested that tsRNA in cancer field attracted the researchers' focus and effectively facilitated diagnostic and therapy approaches.

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“…derived from mature tRNA-Glu levels, as a tumor suppressor, significantly decreased in the blood of the patients with HER2 positive (control > early cancer > metastatic cancer) [46].…”

Section: Breast Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Signature of tRNA-Derived Small RNAs in Cancer Pathogenesis as a Promising Valuable Approach

Vafaei

¹

,

Fattahi

²

,

Sahlolbei

³

et al. 2020

Crit Rev Eukaryot Gene Expr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Non-coding RNAs are a cluster of RNAs that do not encode functional proteins, and involve infrastructural and regulatory types, which transfer RNAs (tRNAs) belong to former and small RNAs (sRNA) to the latter one. Recently, tRNA-derived small RNAs (tDRs) were discovered among small non-coding RNA, as the newly discovered regulatory small RNA. It plays a role in pathological and physiological processes, which is frequently dysregulated in gene expression regulation. tsRNAs can be bounded to argonaute proteins and piwi proteins such as miRNAs and piRNAs sequentially. In addition, it can interact with DNA and histone methylation machinery Results: In initial searching, 2744 unique articles were identified by bio electronically search of following databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and google scholar up to 25 February 2020. Finally, after Full-text assessment 48 related article to gene expression profiling tsRNA in cancer were achieved. Conclusions: In this systematic review, we summarized the most recent findings related to the expression of tsRNAs in 17 cancer types. We suggested that tsRNA in cancer field attracted the researchers' focus and effectively facilitated diagnostic and therapy approaches. There is little consensus over tRF production mechanism, and dicer-dependent cleavage of mature tRNAs has been suggested [11]. Dysregulation of tsRNAs could interfere in the gene expression in pre/post transcriptional and protein translation. Furthermore, researchers target the tsRNA via gene repression of mRNAs, reported construct silencing, translation inhibition, cell proliferation modulation, exonuclease mRNAs Xrn2-mediated degradation, Ybx1 protein displacement, and sense-induced trans-silencing [12]. Moreover, they have been engaged in cellular and pathophysiological tools, concerning porphyrin biosynthesis, reverse transcription, cell proliferation, differentiation, viability, cell signalling, control of viral replication, and utterly in disease ranging from metabolic disorders and neuro degenerative disease to various types of cancer [13-19]. At first, in 2009, small RNA sequencing data was recognized as tsRNA in prostate cancer [20]. Then, the scientists analyzed more samples, which were abundant in small RNA [21]. They declared that, this biomarker could be potentially applied in many cancer types as a screening and even be targeted for therapy. Moreover, tsRNA is essential in cell cycle proliferation and propagation as well as playing a significant role in tumorigenesis either oncogenic or tumor-suppressor functions [22]. Besides, induction and dysregulation of a set of hypoxia related tsRNAs and also tsRNA suppressive factors in Notch signaling pathway can help in maintenance and metastasis of cancer stem cell [23, 24]. Unfortunately, the exact pathway of tsRNA in cancer has not been clarified yet and we design the schematic of tRNA-derived small RNAs biogenesis in Fig. 1. In this systematic review, we summarized the frequency and function of tsRNAs in different cancer types. Met...

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“…The level of serum tRF3E in patients with HER2-positive BC decreased with the increase of malignancy. As a tumor suppressor, tRF3E causes the release of p53 mRNA and further promotes p53 translation through competitive interactions with nucleolin (NCL), an RNA-binding protein overexpressed in BC, resulting in inhibition of cancer cell proliferation [64]. Another tRF, 5′-tiRNA Val , can inhibit the frizzled class receptor 3 (FZD3)-mediated Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway in BC cells by directly targeting the FZD3 3′-UTR sequence [65].…”

Section: Breast Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

tRNA-derived RNA fragments in cancer: current status and future perspectives

Yu

¹

,

Lü

²

,

Zhang

³

et al. 2020

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Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been the focus of many studies over the last few decades, and their fundamental roles in human diseases have been well established. Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are housekeeping ncRNAs that deliver amino acids to ribosomes during protein biosynthesis. tRNA fragments (tRFs) are a novel class of small ncRNAs produced through enzymatic cleavage of tRNAs and have been shown to play key regulatory roles similar to microRNAs. Development and application of high-throughput sequencing technologies has provided accumulating evidence of dysregulated tRFs in cancer. Aberrant expression of tRFs has been found to participate in cell proliferation, invasive metastasis, and progression in several human malignancies. These newly identified functional tRFs also have great potential as new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. In this review, we focus on the major biological functions of tRFs including RNA silencing, translation regulation, and epigenetic regulation; summarize recent research on the roles of tRFs in different types of cancer; and discuss the potential of using tRFs as clinical biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis and as therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.

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A novel 3'‐tRNA^Glu‐derived fragment acts as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer by targeting nucleolin

Cited by 70 publications

References 54 publications

Dynamic Signature of tRNA-Derived small RNAs in Cancer Pathogenesis as a Promising Valuable Approach

Dynamic Signature of tRNA-Derived small RNAs in Cancer Pathogenesis as a Promising Valuable Approach

Dynamic Signature of tRNA-Derived Small RNAs in Cancer Pathogenesis as a Promising Valuable Approach

tRNA-derived RNA fragments in cancer: current status and future perspectives

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A novel 3'‐tRNAGlu‐derived fragment acts as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer by targeting nucleolin

Cited by 70 publications

References 54 publications

Dynamic Signature of tRNA-Derived small RNAs in Cancer Pathogenesis as a Promising Valuable Approach

Dynamic Signature of tRNA-Derived small RNAs in Cancer Pathogenesis as a Promising Valuable Approach

Dynamic Signature of tRNA-Derived Small RNAs in Cancer Pathogenesis as a Promising Valuable Approach

tRNA-derived RNA fragments in cancer: current status and future perspectives

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A novel 3'‐tRNA^Glu‐derived fragment acts as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer by targeting nucleolin