A novel and feasible approach for one-pack flame-retardant epoxy resin with long pot life and fast curing

Xu, Ying‐Jun; Wang, Jie; Tan, Yi; Qi, Min; Chen, Li; Wang, Yu‐Zhong

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2017.12.086

Cited by 241 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…They achieved fire retardancy; however, the tensile strength and handle-ability of the treated samples were reduced. In the review of literature data, a lot of studies have also described layer-by-layer techniques [34][35][36], green synthesis methods, and natural approaches [9] for thermal stability and FR performances; however, due to the involvement of high cost of technology and loss of deposited minerals during repeated washings, the FRs predicament has yet to be resolved [37]. Recently, organosilicon derivatives (silanes and polysiloxanes) have been applied to cotton fabrics for high FR efficiencies and protection coatings [38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Functionalization of Cotton and PC Fabrics Using SiO2 and ZnO Nanoparticles for Durable Flame Retardant Properties

et al. 2020

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In recent years, the use of functional textiles has attained attention due to their advantageous health and safety issues. Therefore, this study investigated the flame retardancy on cotton (COT) and polyester-cotton (PC) fabrics treated with different concentrations of silica and zinc nanoparticles through a sol-gel finishing technique. FTIR, SEM, and TGA were conducted for the characterization of coated fabric samples. The FTIR and SEM of Pristine and Treated Cotton and PC fabrics illustrated that the SiO2 (silica dioxide) and ZnO (Zinc oxide) nanoparticles were homogeneously attached to the fiber surface, which contributed to the enhancement of the thermal stability. The starting thermal degradation improved from 320 to 350 °C and maximum degradation was observed from 400 to 428 °C for the COT-2 cotton substrate. However, the initial thermal degradation improved from 310 to 319 °C and the highest degradation from 500 to 524 °C for the PC substrate PC-2. The outcomes revealed that the silica has a greater influence on the thermal properties of COT and PC fabric samples. Additionally, the tensile strength and flexural rigidity of the treated samples were improved with an insignificant decrease in air permeability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Functionalization of Cotton and PC Fabrics Using SiO2 and ZnO Nanoparticles for Durable Flame Retardant Properties

et al. 2020

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“…where E denotes the storage modulus at the absolute temperature T taken as T g +10 K, and R is the gas constant. All the epoxy resins display “rubbery plateau” in storage modulus curves in the temperature region above T g . Obviously, the rubbery state modulus of EP‐1 is as high as 20.1 MPa, corresponding to a high crosslink network and crosslink density (2163 mol/m 3 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…All the epoxy resins display "rubbery plateau" in storage modulus curves in the temperature region above T g . 34 Table 2.…”

Section: Thermal Property Of Cured Epoxy Resinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly efficient multielement flame retardant for multifunctional epoxy resin with satisfactory thermal, flame‐retardant, and mechanical properties

Chen

Lin

et al. 2019

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Multifunctional epoxy resins with excellent, thermal, flame‐retardant, and mechanical properties are extremely important for various applications. To solve this challenging problem, a novel highly efficient multielement flame retardant (PMSBA) is synthesized and the flame‐retardant and mechanical properties of modified epoxy resins are greatly enhanced without significantly altering their and thermal properties by applying the as‐synthesized PMSBA. The limiting oxygen index value reaches up to 29.6% and could pass the V‐0 rating in the UL‐94 test with even low P content (0.13%). Furthermore, cone calorimetry results demonstrate that 30.3% reduction in the peak heat release rate for the sample with 10.0 wt% PMSBA is achieved. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy indicate that Si‐C, Si‐N, and phosphoric acid derivative can be transformed into a multihole and intumescent char layer as an effective barrier, preserving the epoxy resin structure from fire. More importantly, mechanical properties such as impact strength, tensile strength, and flexural strength are also increased by 63.86%, 33.54%, and 15.65%, respectively, which show the incorporation of PMSBA do not deteriorate the mechanical properties of modified epoxy resins. All the results show that PMSBA is a promising strategy for epoxy resin with satisfactory, thermal, flame‐retardant, and mechanical properties.

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“…The top edge of the test sample is ignited, and the oxygen concentration in the flow is decreased until the flame is no longer supported. Generally, materials with LOI less than 21% are classified as combustible, but those with LOI far greater than 21 are classed as selfextinguishing since their combustion cannot be sustained [22]. This method remains one of the most important screening and quality control tools in the plastics industry to characterize both the ignitability and flammability resistance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A simple approach with scale-up potential towards intrinsically flame-retardant bio-based co-plasticizer for PVC artificial materials

Wang

Chang

et al. 2020

J Leather Sci Eng

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As an imitation of genuine leather, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) artificial materials are versatile, but suffers from being flammable due to the presence of large amounts of combustible plasticizers. Under such circumstance, intrinsically flame-retardant plasticizers displaying dual functions have been a subject of intensive research interest. However, previous strategies attempting to covalently attach flame-retardant moiety to plasticizers invariably required either expensive starting materials or laborious and tedious procedures, ultimately limiting their scale-up application in industry. In addition, driven by escalating demand of halogen-free flame retardants worldwide from an environmental health perspective, previously reported intrinsically flame-retardant plasticizers were mainly halogenfree, less attractive in PVC artificial material industry simply because PVC itself is a halogen-containing polymer. Here, we report an approach to introduce chlorine moieties into unsaturated fatty acid methyl ester by a simple addition reaction occurring on carbon-carbon double bonds, yielding a chlorine-containing, intrinsically flameretardant bio-plasticizer. When combined with di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DOP) in PVC formulations, the chlorinated fatty acid methyl ester is qualified as a co-plasticizer while conferring flame retardancy upon the PVC coatings. This approach involves only a one-step procedure that employs renewable fatty acid methyl esters and cheap chlorine gas as raw materials, thus being of great potential to enable intrinsically flame-retardant bioplasticizers on a large scale to manufacture functional PVC artificial materials for application in fire-prone scenarios.

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A novel and feasible approach for one-pack flame-retardant epoxy resin with long pot life and fast curing

Cited by 241 publications

References 44 publications

Surface Functionalization of Cotton and PC Fabrics Using SiO2 and ZnO Nanoparticles for Durable Flame Retardant Properties

Surface Functionalization of Cotton and PC Fabrics Using SiO2 and ZnO Nanoparticles for Durable Flame Retardant Properties

Highly efficient multielement flame retardant for multifunctional epoxy resin with satisfactory thermal, flame‐retardant, and mechanical properties

A simple approach with scale-up potential towards intrinsically flame-retardant bio-based co-plasticizer for PVC artificial materials

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