A novel bulk-input low voltage and low power four quadrant analog multiplier in weak inversion

High-Precision CMOS Analog Computational Circuits Based on a New Linearly Tunable OTA

“…which are widely used in disk drives [1], hearing aids [2], medical equipment [3], modulators [4], artificial neural networks [5] and fuzzy control systems [6]. There are a lot of techniques to implement analog functional circuits [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] which can be roughly categorized in three main groups.…”

“…Although in practice, most of these parameters trade with each other and several design techniques have been proposed [15], [16] to satisfy the compromise between these characteristics, but the main challenge in designing computational circuits is how to implement with minimal effort a large number of these functions [17]. One possible technique to do this is to design a multifunctional computational structure which is based on the possibility of a multiple use of the same structure as a core of the design.…”

A compact CMOS current-mode analog multi-functions circuit

“…Several circuits were proposed in the literature that use MOSFETs in subthreshold. In [9,10], a voltage mode multipliers were proposed using MOSFETs in subthreshold region. The dynamic range of these circuits is limited.…”

0.75-V four-quadrant current multiplier using floating gate-MOS transistors

“…In [7]- [8], LV /LP analog multipliers were proposed without using special technique, but the circuits in [7] and [8] use the supply voltage of ±l.5 V and l.8 V, respectively. In [9]- [10], multiplier circuits using MOS transistors operating in subthreshold region (weak inversion) were proposed while the structures in [11 ]- [ 13] proposed analog multipliers using bulk driven MOS technique. However, only the circuit in [13] can operate at a low supply voltage (0.5V).…”

“…In [9]- [10], multiplier circuits using MOS transistors operating in subthreshold region (weak inversion) were proposed while the structures in [11 ]- [ 13] proposed analog multipliers using bulk driven MOS technique. However, only the circuit in [13] can operate at a low supply voltage (0.5V). Several analog multipliers using floating-gate MOS transistors (FG-MOSTs) have been proposed [14]- [18].…”