A statistical approach to estimate Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) receiver signal tracking performance in the presence of ionospheric scintillation

Veettil, Sreeja Vadakke; Aquino, Márcio; Spogli, Luca; Cesaroni, Claudio

doi:10.1051/swsc/2018037

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Space Weather Space Clim. 2019, 9, A15 Satellite System (GNSS) receiver errors on the Phase Locked Loop (PLL) and support for example models like in Veettil et al (2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Performance analysis of κ-μ distribution for Global Positioning System (GPS) L1 frequency-related ionospheric fading channels

Moraes

Sousasantos

Paula

et al. 2019

J. Space Weather Space Clim.

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The present work aims to evaluate the application of the κ-μ distribution as a representation of the fading effect caused by the phenomenon of scintillation on L-band transionospheric radio links. The ionospheric scintillation is a phenomenon defined as a rapid variation in the amplitude and phase of electromagnetic wave signals. This phenomenon starts in the first hours of the night, at latitudes near the geomagnetic equator. Scintillation occurs when radio signals cross ionospheric irregularities, also known as plasma bubbles. These plasma bubble structures are generated after the sunset due to instabilities in the F region of ionosphere. Distributions with non-single parameter usually present better results, however, this point requires further investigation by comparing different models. The goals of this study are: (1) the modeling of experimental data using the κ-μ distribution; (2) the κ-μ parameters characterization for empirical data and the evaluation of parameters estimation based in different approaches; (3) the comparison between the distribution proposed and other models adopted in the literature in order to verify the performance of two parameter models. The results of the analysis performed showed that the κ-μ distribution presents good fitting of the empirical scintillation data. These fitting results were calculated through the chi-square fit test under which the values reveal fair E[χ2] for κ-μ distribution in most of the cases. The evaluation of κ-μ parameters suggests that the distribution has a more conservative outcome than in the distributions traditionally used, but being a legitimate approximation due to its adjustable features in the tail region of the distribution. Typical pairs of κ-μ coefficients are presented for theoretical works. The comparison of κ-μ distribution to Rice, Nakagami-m and α-μ models showed that κ-μ is capable of describing more severe scintillation scenarios where the tail of the distribution is more raised in comparison to the other models.

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“…Space Weather Space Clim. 2019, 9, A15 Satellite System (GNSS) receiver errors on the Phase Locked Loop (PLL) and support for example models like in Veettil et al (2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Performance analysis of κ-μ distribution for Global Positioning System (GPS) L1 frequency-related ionospheric fading channels

Moraes

Sousasantos

Paula

et al. 2019

J. Space Weather Space Clim.

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“…A high-level description of products generated by each of the four RPFs along with the sensors required to generate them is given in this section. Details of the algorithms and their validation are included in companion papers published in the meantime (Napoletano et al, 2018;Vadakke Veettil et al, 2018;Del Moro et al, 2019).…”

Section: Remote Processing Facilities (Rpfs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The technique of generalised linear modelling (McCullagh & Nelder, 1983) was applied to develop statistical models to estimate the Phase Locked Loop (PLL) tracking errors on the GPS L1 frequency as a function of the scintillation levels. The details of the tracking error model development and validation are presented in Vadakke Veettil et al (2018). The technique of non-linear regression was applied to develop the models to estimate the probability of loss of lock and the 3D user positioning errors as a function of scintillation levels.…”

Section: Gnss Receiver and User Positioning Performance (Rpf 3)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the tracking jitter exceeds a certain threshold, loss of lock/cycle slips may occur in the receiver (Conker et al 2003). The receiver tracking jitter shows significant correlation with scintillation levels, both at high and low latitudes (Sreeja et al, 2012;Aquino & Sreeja, 2013;Vadakke Veettil et al, 2018). During moderate to strong scintillation conditions, even high grade receivers (e.g., with an adaptive tracking loop bandwidth) that are able to maintain track, exhibit degraded positioning accuracy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The ionosphere prediction service prototype for GNSS users

Veettil

Cesaroni

Aquino

et al. 2019

J. Space Weather Space Clim.

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The effect of the Earth’s ionosphere represents the single largest contribution to the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) error budget and abnormal ionospheric conditions can impose serious degradation on GNSS system functionality, including integrity, accuracy and availability. With the growing reliance on GNSS for many modern life applications, actionable ionospheric forecasts can contribute to the understanding and mitigation of the impact of the ionosphere on our technology based society. In this context, the Ionosphere Prediction Service (IPS) project was set up to design and develop a prototype platform to translate the forecast of the ionospheric effects into a service customized for specific GNSS user communities. To achieve this overarching aim, four different product groups dealing with solar activity, ionospheric activity, GNSS receiver performance and service performance have been developed and integrated into a service chain, which is made available through a web based platform. This paper provides an overview of the IPS project describing its overall architecture, products and web based platform.

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“…By processing scintillation data recorded in Brazil, the tracking error variance was estimated and receiver performance was analyzed. Vadakke Veettil et al (2018) built statistical models to estimate the standard deviation of the receiver PLL tracking errors as a function of scintillation levels exploiting the models in Conker et al (2003) and Moraes et al (2014) using the scintillation data recorded over 4 years at low and high latitudes. Guo, Aquino, and Vadakke (2019) analyzed the signal intensity fading due to scintillation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of GNSS Receiver Tuning on the PLL Tracking Jitter Estimation in the Presence of Ionospheric Scintillation

2020

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Ionospheric scintillation is an interference characterized by rapid and random fluctuations in radio frequency signals when passing through irregularities in the ionosphere. It can severely degrade the performance of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers, thus increasing positioning errors. Receivers with different tracking loop bandwidths and coherent integration times perform differently under scintillation. This study investigates the effects of GNSS receiver tracking loop tuning on scintillation monitoring and Phase Locked Loop (PLL) tracking jitter estimation using simulated GNSS data. The variation of carrier to noise density ratio (C/N0) under scintillation with different tracking loop settings is also studied. The results show that receiver tuning has a minor effect on scintillation indices calculation. The levels of C/N0 are also similar for different PLL bandwidths and integration times. Additionally, the tracking jitter is estimated by theoretical equations and verified using the relationship with the PLL discriminator output noise, which is calculated using the post-correlation measurements. Novel approaches are further proposed to calculate 1-s scintillation index, which enables to compute the tracking jitter at a rate of 1 s. It is found that 1-s tracking jitter can successfully represent the signal fluctuations levels caused by scintillation. This work is valuable for developing scintillation sensitive tracking error models and is also of great significance for GNSS receiver design to mitigate scintillation effects.

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A statistical approach to estimate Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) receiver signal tracking performance in the presence of ionospheric scintillation

Cited by 8 publications

References 24 publications

Performance analysis of κ-μ distribution for Global Positioning System (GPS) L1 frequency-related ionospheric fading channels

Performance analysis of κ-μ distribution for Global Positioning System (GPS) L1 frequency-related ionospheric fading channels

The ionosphere prediction service prototype for GNSS users

Effects of GNSS Receiver Tuning on the PLL Tracking Jitter Estimation in the Presence of Ionospheric Scintillation

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