A Wittgensteinian Comment on “Psychology: A Giant with Feet of Clay” A Question from Research on Creativity

Pinheiro, Marina Assis

doi:10.1007/s12124-020-09544-1

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Based on the relevant literature, the number and feasibility of various indicators are studied by referring to experts' opinions (Pérez-Fuentes et al, 2019 ; Pinheiro, 2020 ; Rawlings and Legare, 2020 ). The questionnaire is mainly composed of three parts, namely, the questionnaire for the working environment, the questionnaire for innovation behavior, and the questionnaire for business performance.…”

Section: Theories and Research Methods Of New Venturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of New Ventures' Work Environment and Innovation Behaviors on Corporate Performance

Xiang

Wang

2022

Front. Psychol.

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The purpose of the study is to improve the business performance of new ventures. The influence of working environment and innovation behavior on business performance based on personality psychology is studied. First, the relevant theories of new ventures are introduced, and then the structural equation model is displayed. Second, the conceptual model is constructed in response to the two influencing factors of new ventures. Finally, the influencing factors of new venture performance are extracted according to the conceptual model, and a questionnaire is designed. Statistical Product and Service Solutions software is used to analyze the questionnaire data. The results show that the proportion of new enterprise developers is from 8 to 16%, and the number of employees is <150 people. The establishment time of the surveyed enterprises is from 3 to 7 years, and the proportion of the enterprises whose establishment time is <3 years is 30.79%. Management means policies, exploratory innovation, and applicability innovation have different effects on the business performance of new ventures. Among them, the management means of managers have the greatest impact on business performance, accounting for 32.57%, followed by the applicability innovation behavior of employees, accounting for 29.47%; the exploratory innovation behavior of employees takes up 26.47%. The policy environment in the industry where the enterprise is located has the smallest impact on business performance. The results of the hypotheses show that exploratory innovation and applicability innovation do not influence each other; working environment and innovation behavior have a great influence on the performance of enterprises; the most influential factor is the management means of managers. This study provides a reference for new ventures to improve their performance based on the working environment and innovation behavior.

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Section: Theories and Research Methods Of New Venturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of New Ventures' Work Environment and Innovation Behaviors on Corporate Performance

Xiang

Wang

2022

Front. Psychol.

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“…That is, knowledge generation is not an increasing understanding of reality 'as it really is'. Instead, knowledge is increasingly useful to meet socio-practical demands-and therefore always theory-laden, socially embedded and historically contingent (Maraun, 1998;Maraun et al, 2009;Pinheiro, 2020).…”

Section: Transdisciplinary Philosophy-of-science Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…What scientific communities establish as truth is thus a result of their consensus, designed from language games (Wittgenstein, 2009). That is, knowledge generation is not an increasing understanding of reality “as it really is.” Instead, knowledge is increasingly useful to meet sociopractical demands—and therefore always theory-laden, socially embedded, and historically contingent (Maraun, 1998; Maraun, Slaney, & Gabriel, 2009; Pinheiro, 2020).…”

Section: Critical Realism: a Philosophy For Exploring The Natural Soc...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychometrics is not measurement: Unraveling a fundamental misconception in quantitative psychology and the complex network of its underlying fallacies.

Uher

2021

Journal of Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology

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Psychometrics has always been confronted with fundamental criticism, highlighting serious insufficiencies and fallacies. Many fallacies persist, however, because each critic explores only some fallacies while still building on others. This article scrutinizes the epistemological, metatheoretical and methodological foundations of psychometrics, revealing a complex network of numerous conceptual fallacies underlying its framework of theory and practice. At its core lies a key challenge for psychology: the necessity to distinguish the phenomena under study from the means used to explore them (e.g., concepts, methods, data). This distinction is intricate because concepts constitute psychical phenomena in themselves and many psychical phenomena are accessible only through language-based methods. The analyses show how insufficient consideration of this important distinction and common misconceptions about concepts and language (e.g., signifier-referent conflation; reification of constructs) led to conflations of disparate notions of key terms in psychological measurement (e.g., 'variables', 'attributes', 'causality') and numerous interrelated fallacies (e.g., construct-referent conflation, phenomenon-quality-quantity conflation, numeral-number conflation). These fallacies are maintained and masked by repeated conceptual back-and-forth switching between two incompatible epistemological frameworks, 1) an operationist framework of data modelling implemented through methodical and statistical operations and 2) a realist framework of measurement sporadically invoked in theoretical considerations but neither theoretically elaborated nor empirically implemented. The analyses demonstrate that psychometrics constitutes only data modelling but not data generation or even measurement as often assumed and that analogies to (indirect or fundamental) physical measurement are mistaken. They provide theoretical support for the increasing criticism of psychometrics and its use in research and applied contexts.

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“…Entre 2012 a 2019, os autores Zagaria, Ando e Zennaro (2020), através de um trabalho de revisão de literatura dos principais conceitos psicológicos utilizados nas ciências psicológicas, em manuais de psicologia e no dicionário de psicologia da APA, identificaram e demonstraram que a conceituação psicológica atualmente ainda é repleta de definições insatisfatórias ou discordantes, com conceitos ambíguos e nebulosos. Pinheiro (2020), ao fazer uma análise desse artigo, levanta a questão da impossibilidade de consenso entre os psicólogos e, consequentemente, da dificuldade de produzir conhecimento cumulativo, trazendo as reflexões de Wittgenstein e Rorty para o debate.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

A possibilidade da conceitualização da psicologia na obra de Rudolf Carnap

Souza¹

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Buscar uma conceituação clara para a psicologia científica é importante, pois isso possibilitaria uma comunicação entre diferentes áreas e abordagens, de forma que alguns equívocos interpretativos seriam evitados. Além disso, a pesquisa cientifica necessita de rigor conceitual para não incorrer no erro de estar estudando um objeto equivocado ou mesmo que não existe. Um movimento histórico importante que buscou tentar resolver o problema da confusão conceitual da psicologia e construir uma base sólida e de conceitos confiáveis, claros e não ambíguas para esses conceitos, não somente no campo psicológico, mas na ciência de forma geral foi o movimento do empirismo lógico, positivismo lógico ou neopositivismo. Uma figura desse grupo que podemos destacar é Rudolf Carnap (1891-1970) que foi o principal responsável por propor um sistema de constituição que possibilitaria a fundamentação da psicologia. Embora Carnap tenha desenvolvido um trabalho minucioso em busca de uma conceitualização precisa para conceitos psicológicos, muitos livros de história da psicologia não fazem referência a esse movimento ou quando o fazem apresentam suas ideias de maneira reduzida, superficial e com diversos equívocos teóricos. Dessa forma, o objetivo dessa tese foi realizar um estudo da obra de Carnap buscando apresentar as propostas do autor, o desenvolvimento de suas ideias e a mudanças teóricas relacionadas com a possibilidade da conceitualização clara da ciência psicológica, contrapondo a interpretação simplista de Carnap seria um fisicalista radical que busca reduzir os conceitos psicológicos a conceitos físicos. Demonstramos então que o fisicalismo foi apenas uma das propostas de Carnap posteriormente foi reestruturada e abandonada por ela não conseguir abarcar os conceitos teóricos da psicologia.

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A Wittgensteinian Comment on “Psychology: A Giant with Feet of Clay” A Question from Research on Creativity

Cited by 6 publications

References 4 publications

The Influence of New Ventures' Work Environment and Innovation Behaviors on Corporate Performance

The Influence of New Ventures' Work Environment and Innovation Behaviors on Corporate Performance

Psychometrics is not measurement: Unraveling a fundamental misconception in quantitative psychology and the complex network of its underlying fallacies.

A possibilidade da conceitualização da psicologia na obra de Rudolf Carnap

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