Synonyms
Location-aware recommendation; Mobile recommendation
DefinitionA location-based recommendation is an information filtering service, which selectively returns items (e.g., venues, travel routes, friends, or social media) to a user with the consideration of relevant spatial information (e.g., current/historical locations) and the personal preferences. The recommended results typically include k items with the highest predicated scores, which are calculated based on: (1) a recommendation technique/model (such as content-based filtering, link analysis, or collaborative filtering) and (2) the spatial relevance (like Euclidean distance or network distances).
Historical BackgroundLocation-based recommendation system is one of the key social applications in urban space , which emerge from two lines of research: (1) location-based services and (2) recommendation services. The traditional locationbased services answer spatial queries, such as k nearest neighbor queries (i.e., kNN) and spatial range queries. However, in many cases, users do not satisfy with the results that just considering the geospatial distances and want to incorporate with more context and preferences. To this end, recommendation techniques are introduced to provide "best" results instead of the "closest."On the other side, the conventional recommendation services are very successful in providing the suggestions of generic items, like books, movies, and products. With the rapid development in GPS-embedded phones and wireless communications, more users are looking for recommendations related with geospatial information, e.g., suggestions for restaurants, travel routes, and activities. The user's current location is considered as one of the most important contexts for making recommendations. Moreover, a user's location history can also be viewed as a resource to extract a user's preferences. Finally, the aggregated location information generated by all the users in the system can reflect as the social opinions. To this end, the conventional recommendation services also have the urge to incorporate the relevant spatial information to achieve a higher quality of recommendations.The earliest attempts in location-based recommendations focus on providing stand-alone location suggestions (e.g., restaurants and shops) to a