Activity of a New Antimalarial Agent, Chloroquine (Sn 7618)

Loeb, Robert F.

doi:10.1001/jama.1946.02870160015006

Cited by 105 publications

(44 citation statements)

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“…CQ was first developed by the US army for the treatment and suppression of P. vivax infections in the South Pacific and Mediterranean during the Second World War [155,156]. The earliest recorded clinical trial of CQ against P falciparum took place in 1946 with just 18 patients, and using the same regimen recommended for treating vivax malaria [157].…”

Section: Re-examining the Cq Dosage Regimenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Know your enemy: understanding the role of PfCRT in drug resistance could lead to new antimalarial tactics

Summers

Nash

Martin

2012

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

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The prevention and treatment of malaria is heavily dependent on antimalarial drugs. However, beginning with the emergence of chloroquine (CQ)-resistant Plasmodium falciparum parasites 50 years ago, efforts to control the disease have been thwarted by failed or failing drugs. Mutations in the parasite's 'chloroquine resistance transporter' (PfCRT) are the primary cause of CQ resistance. Furthermore, changes in PfCRT (and in several other transport proteins) are associated with decreases or increases in the parasite's susceptibility to a number of other antimalarial drugs. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of CQ resistance and discuss these in the broader context of the parasite's susceptibilities to other quinolines and related drugs. We suggest that PfCRT can be viewed both as a 'multidrug-resistance carrier' and as a drug target, and that the quinoline-resistance mechanism is a potential 'Achilles' heel' of the parasite. We examine a number of the antimalarial strategies currently undergoing development that are designed to exploit the resistance mechanism, including relatively simple measures, such as alternative CQ dosages, as well as new drugs that either circumvent the resistance mechanism or target it directly.

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Section: Re-examining the Cq Dosage Regimenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Know your enemy: understanding the role of PfCRT in drug resistance could lead to new antimalarial tactics

Summers

Nash

Martin

2012

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

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“…But, it was not until 1918, that quinine was finally commercially synthesized. Subsequently, with the synthesis of chloroquine, which belonged to the same class as quinine in 1946, the global fight against malaria gained momentum (Loeb et al, 1946). However, resistance to quinine and chloroquine was observed within a few years post its introduction, with first of such instances seen in Colombia and Cambodia-Thailand border (Payne, 1987).…”

Section: Chloroquine and Quininementioning

confidence: 99%

Drug Resistance in Malaria-in a nutshell

Bhattacharjee¹,

Shivaprakash²

2016

J App Pharm Sci

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One peek into the history of malaria, shows us that despite many attempts by mankind to counter the development and propagation of malaria, it has always risen back like a 'phoenix from its ashes'. This has been possible by virtue of the singular ability of the malarial parasite to mutate and evade the actions of various anti-malarial drugs. The emergence of drug resistant malarial parasites by virtue of the various molecular mechanisms, has put the authorities under the cosh and forced the scientists to start generating newer and better anti-malarial drugs. In this review, we have dwelt upon the various molecular mechanisms which have allowed the malaria parasite to develop resistance, as it can serve to educate the scientists in their effort to generate newer anti-malarials.

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“…The biocrystallization inhibitor chloroquine was developed in Germany in the 1930s and was officially named Chloroquine in March 1946 (Krafts et al 2012;Loeb et al 1946). Chloroquine is an inhibitor of hemozoin production through biocrystallization and is one of the best antimicrobials ever developed.…”

Section: Treatment Of Patients and Elimination Of Contagiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Malaria in China

Wang

2013

Treatment of Human Parasitosis in Traditional Chinese Medicine

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As a global mosquito-borne disease, malaria is also one of the most important parasitic diseases in China. There is a long history of Chinese people battling with the malaria parasites. China is implementing a National Malaria Elimination Program. Now, a delightful progress has been made to control malaria after great efforts were involved. However, the prevalence of malaria is still serious in some places in China. And, Chinese government has to face many challenges to further control the infectious disease. Besides, clinical aspects, diagnosis methods, and control strategies were also discussed in this chapter.

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Activity of a New Antimalarial Agent, Chloroquine (Sn 7618)

Cited by 105 publications

References 0 publications

Know your enemy: understanding the role of PfCRT in drug resistance could lead to new antimalarial tactics

Know your enemy: understanding the role of PfCRT in drug resistance could lead to new antimalarial tactics

Drug Resistance in Malaria-in a nutshell

Malaria in China

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