Adequacy of vitamin D intakes in children and teenagers from the base diet, fortified foods and supplements

Black, Lucinda J; Walton, Janette; Flynn, Albert; Kiely, Máiréad

doi:10.1017/s1368980013000359

Cited by 56 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Because vitamin D is naturally found in few foods (mainly oily fish) and few food products are fortified adequately (mainly dairy and cereal products), it is difficult to achieve an adequate vitamin D status through diet alone. Indeed, dietary intake of vitamin D is typically inadequate [18], including among asthmatic cohorts [25]. Further, a randomized controlled trial demonstrated that diet was inadequate to achieve sufficient serum 25(OH)D [41].…”

Section: What Is the Optimal Vitamin D Intakes And Serum 25(oh) Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D as an adjunctive therapy in asthma. Part 2: A review of human studies

Kerley

Elnazir

Faul

et al. 2015

Pulmonary Pharmacology & Therapeutics

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This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues.Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. Emerging evidence suggests that VDD is associated with increased airway hyperresponsiveness, decreased pulmonary function, worse asthma control, and possibly decreased response to standard antiasthma therapy. However the effect is inconsistent with preliminary evidence from different studies suggesting vitamin D is both beneficial and detrimental to asthma genesis and severity.Current evidence suggests that supplementation with moderate doses of vitamin D may be appropriate for maintenance of bone health in asthmatics, particularly steroid users. However emerging data from an increasing number of randomized, controlled, intervention studies of vitamin D supplementation in pediatric and adult asthma are becoming available and should help determine the importance, if any of vitamin D for asthma pathogenesis.The purpose of this second of a two-part review is to review the current human literature on vitamin D and asthma, discussing the possible consequences of VDD for asthma and the potential for vitamin D repletion as adjunct therapy.

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Section: What Is the Optimal Vitamin D Intakes And Serum 25(oh) Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D as an adjunctive therapy in asthma. Part 2: A review of human studies

Kerley

Elnazir

Faul

et al. 2015

Pulmonary Pharmacology & Therapeutics

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“…With the new recommended vitamin D intake of 10 µg/day, it is evident that a major part of the population will fall short of this intake level. Earlier studies investigated the importance of different dietary sources to population intakes of vitamin D [14,15], whereas others addressed the potential contribution of fortification of common foods with vitamin D [16,17,18]. These studies concluded that vitamin D intake was too low to sustain a healthy vitamin D status in the population without mandatory fortification of staple foods or without a dramatic increase in fish consumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compliance with Dietary Guidelines and Increased Fortification Can Double Vitamin D Intake: A Simulation Study

et al. 2016

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Objective: The study aimed to determine the potential of compliance with Food-Based Dietary Guidelines (FBDG) and increased vitamin D fortification to meet the recommended intake level of vitamin D at 10 µg/day based on minimal exposure to sunlight. Methods: The main dietary sources of vitamin D were derived from national dietary surveys in adults from United Kingdom (UK) (n = 911), Netherlands (NL) (n = 1,526), and Sweden (SE) (n = 974). The theoretical increase in population vitamin D intake was simulated for the following: (1) compliance with FBDG, (2) increased level of vitamin D in commonly fortified foods, and (3) combination of both. Results: Median usual vitamin D intake was 2.4 (interquartile range 1.7-3.4) µg/day in UK, 3.4 (2.7-4.2) µg/day in NL, and 5.3 (3.9-7.3) µg/day in SE. The top 3 dietary sources of vitamin D were fish, fat-based spreads (margarines), and meat. Together, these delivered up to two-thirds of total vitamin D intake on average. Compliance with FBDG for fish, margarine, and meat increased vitamin D intake to 4.6 (4.1-5.1) µg/day in UK, 5.2 (4.9-5.5) µg/day in NL, and 7.7 (7.0-8.5) µg/day in SE. Doubling the vitamin D levels in margarines and milk would increase vitamin D intake to 4.9 (3.6-6.5) µg/day in UK, 6.6 (4.8-8.6) µg/day in NL, and 7.2 (5.2-9.8) µg/day in SE. Combining both scenarios would increase vitamin D intake to 7.9 (6.8-9.2) µg/day in UK, 8.8 (7.4-10.4) µg/day in NL, and 8.9 (6.9-11.8) µg/day in SE. Conclusion: This study highlights the potential of dietary measures to double the current vitamin D intake in adults.

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“…However, only a few studies have analyzed the prevalence of supplement use in Japan (8)(9)(10). Furthermore, studies on fortified food use have mainly focused on subjects at high risk for certain nutrient deficiencies, such as vitamin D and iodine, in industrialized and developing countries (11)(12)(13)(14)(15); there has been no report on the prevalence of fortified food in a representative sample of community residents.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Vitamin E Intake among Japanese Dietary Supplement and Fortified Food Users: A Secondary Analysis from the National Health and Nutrition Survey, 2003-2009

Tsubota‐Utsugi

Nakade

Imai

et al. 2013

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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SummaryThis study was performed to: (1) assess the prevalence of dietary supplement and fortified food use, (2) examine the differences in vitamin E intake with and without dietary supplementation and/or fortified food use, and (3) determine whether some individuals consume vitamin E above the tolerable upper intake level (UL). Data were obtained from 64,624 individuals (age, 1 y; 47.4% males) who completed a 1-d household dietary assessment that was part of the National Health and Nutrition Survey conducted in Japan, [2003][2004][2005][2006][2007][2008][2009]. The survey also obtained information on the brand or generic name of each dietary supplement or fortified food reported, including their ingredients, through dietary assessment. The prevalence of a potential risk of excess was estimated by the proportion of persons above the age-/sex-specific ULs provided by the Dietary Reference Intakes for Japanese 2010. Supplement use was reported by 5.8% of men and 7.7% of women, whereas fortified food consumption was reported by only 2.9% of men and 3.6% of women. Use of dietary supplements was most common among older women, whereas use of fortified foods was most common among younger women. Both dietary supplement and fortified food use accounted for maximum vitamin E intake; however, the use of dietary supplements and fortified foods had little effect on the median and 95th percentile intake values. None of the subjects consumed nutrients above the UL. The collected data confirm that the use of both dietary supplements and fortified foods contributes a small amount to nutrient intake in Japanese subjects.

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Adequacy of vitamin D intakes in children and teenagers from the base diet, fortified foods and supplements

Cited by 56 publications

References 36 publications

Vitamin D as an adjunctive therapy in asthma. Part 2: A review of human studies

Vitamin D as an adjunctive therapy in asthma. Part 2: A review of human studies

Compliance with Dietary Guidelines and Increased Fortification Can Double Vitamin D Intake: A Simulation Study

Distribution of Vitamin E Intake among Japanese Dietary Supplement and Fortified Food Users: A Secondary Analysis from the National Health and Nutrition Survey, 2003-2009

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