Admixture analysis of a rural population of the state of Guerrero, Mexico

Bonilla, Carolina; Gutiérrez, Gerardo; Parra, Esteban J.; Kline, Christopher; Shriver, Mark D.

doi:10.1002/ajpa.20227

Cited by 76 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The main goal of this study was to evaluate whether constitutive pigmentation and ancestry are correlated in admixed populations and, if so, which are the reasons for the correlation and what is its potential impact for biomedical research. 16 and Hispanic 17 individuals were previously published.…”

Section: Importance Of Pigmentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of correlations between skin color and genetic ancestry for biomedical research

2004

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Skin pigmentation is a central element of most discussions on 'race' and genetics. Research on the genetic basis of population variation in this phenotype, which is important in mediating both social experiences and environmental exposures, is sparse. We studied the relationship between pigmentation and ancestry in five populations of mixed ancestry with a wide range of pigmentation and ancestral proportions (African Americans from Washington, DC; African Caribbeans living in England; Puerto Ricans from New York; Mexicans from Guerrero; and Hispanics from San Luis Valley). The strength of the relationship between skin color and ancestry was quite variable, with the correlations ranging in intensity from moderately strong (Puerto Rico, ρ = 0.633) to weak (Mexico, ρ = 0.212). These results demonstrate the utility of ancestry-informative genetic markers and admixture methods and emphasize the need to be cautious when using pigmentation as a proxy of ancestry or when extrapolating the results from one admixed population to another. Importance of pigmentationThe prevalence of several common diseases differs among populations. Although such health disparities may largely be the result of differential access to health care and differences in socioeconomic factors and environmental exposures, there may also be risk alleles that differ in frequency among populations. Therefore, tests of correlations between genetic ancestry and phenotype can be a good starting point for research on the causes of health disparities 1 . Even if the ultimate cause for the difference is primarily environmental, individual genetic ancestry analysis can provide a biological reference point against which to study cultural and environmental factors. This line of investigation is in the very early stages of development and has benefited tremendously from studies of skin pigmentation.Skin pigmentation is one of the most variable phenotypes in humans, but very little is known about the genetic basis and evolutionary history of this polygenic trait. Understanding the genetics of human pigmentation and the distribution of pigmentation alleles within and among populations is important. To a large extent in the US, skin pigmentation is a proxy for 'race' , on the basis of which racism has been manifested. Skin color can affect the level of discrimination a person experiences or the quality of medical care he or she receives. Differences in skin color among populations are commonly (and incorrectly) understood as an indication of deeper biological differences among populations. Pigmentation genes are unlike the bulk of the genetic variation among populations and can, and should, be used to help educate the general public about the distribution of genetic variation across the populations of the world and the lack of meaning of 'race' as a system of biological classification. Skin pigmentation is also of interest from the biological point of view. Melanin has a key physiological role, mediating the amount of ultraviolet (UV) radiation reaching the dermal ...

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Section: Importance Of Pigmentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of correlations between skin color and genetic ancestry for biomedical research

2004

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“…13,14 Although the Y-STRs used in human identification have been employed to estimate paternal admixture in different Mexican-Mestizo populations, 15 these markers do not constitute the ideal tool for this purpose. 16 Available estimates based on Y-SNPs have been generated from a small number of populations, such as that of Mexico City, 17 and those of the states of Guerrero, 18 Jalisco 13 and Nuevo Leó n. 19 Moreover, with the exception of the latter report on Nuevo Leó n, the remaining studies were restricted to two or three Y-linked biallelic markers; thus, the wide diversity of paternal lineages evaluated by Y-SNPs is relatively unknown throughout the Mexican territory. In this work, we examined 18 Y-SNPs in order to establish a confident landscape of the paternal ancestry in Mestizo populations from different regions of the country.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Admixture and population structure in Mexican-Mestizos based on paternal lineages

et al. 2012

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“…There is a higher proportion of individuals with Caucasoid ancestry in Mexico City (35-71%) and the northern regions (35-55%) than in the central regions (21%) around Mexico City and the southern regions (4.2-43%) of Mexico, whereas the African ancestry predominates in the coastal regions (22-41%). 12 On the other hand, European ancestry, explored using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), was absent in the indigenous population [13][14][15][16] and was very low in the mestizos either from the north (5.3%) 17 or from Mexico City (3.2%). 12,18 Although those Mexican mestizos come from modern populations, the fact that mtDNA is maternally inherited 19 without recombination indicates that the mestizo mitochondrial genome has initially been inherited from indigenous women.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A great diversity of Amerindian mitochondrial DNA ancestry is present in the Mexican mestizo population

et al. 2009

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There are limited data on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation in the Mexican mestizo population. To examine the genetic diversity and matrilineal ancestry, the full mtDNA hypervariable regions I and II were sequenced in 270 unrelated mestizos from different regions of Mexico. A total of 202 different haplotypes were identified and the haplotype diversity was 0.9945. Amerindian haplotypes predominated in the sample with a proportion of 93.3%, followed by European (6.0%) and African haplotypes (0.7%). The frequency of the Amerindian haplogroups A2, B2, C1 and D1 was 51.1, 17.8, 18.5 and 5.9%, respectively. The frequency of Amerindian haplogroups was higher in the central region than in Mexico City, whereas it was the contrary for European haplogroups. This difference was accounted principally by the high frequency of B2 haplotypes in the central region. The minimum spanning network, the mismatch distribution and Tajima's D neutrality test suggest a population expansion for each Amerindian haplogroup, which could be initiated more recently for haplogroups A2 and D1. The present knowledge combined with other nuclear genetic markers will be essential in future association studies to correct for genetic substructure in mestizo populations.

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Admixture analysis of a rural population of the state of Guerrero, Mexico

Cited by 76 publications

References 45 publications

Implications of correlations between skin color and genetic ancestry for biomedical research

Implications of correlations between skin color and genetic ancestry for biomedical research

Admixture and population structure in Mexican-Mestizos based on paternal lineages

A great diversity of Amerindian mitochondrial DNA ancestry is present in the Mexican mestizo population

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