Air Power: The Rise Of Electric Aircraft

Williamson, Mark

doi:10.1049/et.2014.1012

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Furthermore, in case a single core engine is used to power multiple electrically driven fans, a higher effective bypass ratio can be achieved [16]. This is applied for example in the Airbus-Rolls Royce E-Thrust concept [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and design of hybrid electric regional turboprop aircraft

2017

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The potential environmental benefits of hybrid electric regional turboprop aircraft in terms of fuel consumption are investigated. Lithium-air batteries are used as energy source in combination with conventional fuel. A validated design and analysis framework is extended with sizing and analysis modules for hybrid electric propulsion system components. In addition, a modified Bréguet range equation, suitable for hybrid electric aircraft, is introduced. The results quantify the limits in range and performance for this type of aircraft as a function of battery technology level. A typical design for 70 passengers with a design range of 1528 km, based on batteries with a specific energy of 1000 Wh/kg, providing 34% of the shaft power throughout the mission, yields a reduction in emissions by 28%. Keywords Hybrid electric propulsion

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and design of hybrid electric regional turboprop aircraft

2017

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“…Concepts that enable optimal use of runways at multiple airports within the metropolitan areas In Europe, the European Commission has set goals in its roadmap report 'Flightpath 2050-Europe's Vision for Aviation', including a 75% reduction of aircraft CO2 emissions, a 90% reduction of nitrogen oxides and a 65% reduction in noise levels relative to the standards of the year 2000. Airbus, along with partners Rolls-Royce and Cranfield University, has announced plans for an electrically distributed propulsion system concept, the 'E-Thrust', for a regional aircraft (approximately 90 seats and two hours flight time) [134][135][136]. This concept utilizes a distributed propulsion system with six electric fans distributed along the wing span.…”

Section: Aircraft Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High power density superconducting rotating machines—development status and technology roadmap

Haran

Kalsi

Arndt

et al. 2017

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

362

155

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Superconducting technology applications in electric machines have long been pursued due to their significant advantages of higher efficiency and power density over conventional technology. However, in spite of many successful technology demonstrations, commercial adoption has been slow, presumably because the threshold for value versus cost and technology risk has not yet been crossed. One likely path for disruptive superconducting technology in commercial products could be in applications where its advantages become key enablers for systems which are not practical with conventional technology. To help systems engineers assess the viability of such future solutions, we present a technology roadmap for superconducting machines. The timeline considered was ten years to attain a Technology Readiness Level of 6+, with systems demonstrated in a relevant environment. Future projections, by definition, are based on the judgment of specialists, and can be subjective. Attempts have been made to obtain input from a broad set of organizations for an inclusive opinion. This document was generated

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“…Lithium-ion batteries are widely used due to their low self-discharging rate, a high number of cycles, lower weight, no memory effects, and high energy density [1][2][3][4][5]. Therefore, they have many advantages and they are applied in many applications, such as electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), electric scooters (ESs), electric bikes, and uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) [6][7][8]. The applications may employ hundreds of Li-ion cells for modules, connecting them in series or in parallel to apply to high voltage and high capacity systems, such as electric vehicles and energy storage devices [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Single Transformer for Active Cell Equalization Method of Lithium-Ion Batteries with Two Times Fewer Secondaries than Cells

Moghaddam

Bossche

2019

Electronics

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In this paper, the concept of active cell-balancing technique, by using a multiple-outputs double-forward converter for lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, is investigated. It controls two times more cells than secondaries, and it equalizes eight cells in a series. In this method, four secondaries can reasonably be wound with the same back electromotive force (EMF). This means a low pin count on the transformer and a low bill of materials (BOM). The bridge uses four N-channel MOSFETs as switches, which means two times fewer transistors than cells, resulting in fewer switching losses. This scheme is applied for controlling the minimum voltage among the cells of the lithium-ion battery. It uses a multi-winding transformer based on a forward double converter structure. Conventional schemes using a multi-winding transformer for electric vehicles (EVs) require an equal number of secondaries per cell. This scheme requires one secondary for two adjacent cells, thus the number of secondaries is reduced by a factor of two. Also, the redistribution of charge from a high cell to a low cell does not require many switching components and little intelligence to determine low cell voltage detection. The basic principle of this method is to use the overall battery pack voltage as a reference to supply individual cells, using a forward converter containing a transformer with a well-chosen winding ratio. The experimental and simulation results are performed to verify the feasibility of the proposed system.

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Air Power: The Rise Of Electric Aircraft

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Analysis and design of hybrid electric regional turboprop aircraft

Analysis and design of hybrid electric regional turboprop aircraft

High power density superconducting rotating machines—development status and technology roadmap

A Single Transformer for Active Cell Equalization Method of Lithium-Ion Batteries with Two Times Fewer Secondaries than Cells

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