Alternative extraction methods for arsenic speciation in hair using ultrasound probe sonication and pressurised liquid extraction

Hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction combined with electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry for the speciation of arsenic (III) and arsenic (V) in fresh waters and human hair extracts

“…The standard reference material (human hair GBW07601) was treated in the same way mentioned above apart from the washing steps which were not required in this case. Following the sample extraction method described above, a 65 ± 9% efficiency was achieved, which is comparable with that reported by Sanz et al [34].…”

“…Moreover, individual As(III) and As(V) species in GBW07601 human hair were found to be 99.2 ± 15 ng g −1 for As(V) and 82.8 ± 11 ng g −1 for As(III), respectively, which are in good agreement with the literature values reported by Raab and Sanz in Refs. [33,34].…”

“…Found value Certified value t-Test c As(III) As(V) As(III) As(V) As(III) As(V) GBW07601 human hair (ng g −1 ) 82.8 ± 11.0 99.2 ± 15.0 75.0 ± 17.9 [33] 93.2 ± 11.9 [33] 1.00 0.57 93.7 ± 0.1 [34] 98.8 ± 6.6 [ signal intensity of arsenic, an atomization temperature of 2000 • C was selected as the optimum temperature for ETAAS determination of arsenic. To evaluate the lifetime of Pd coated graphite tube, the analysis of 50 ng mL −1 of arsenic sample solution was repeated according to the general procedure.…”

Enzyme-assisted extraction and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry for the determination of arsenic species in chicken meat

“…To enhance extraction efficiency, we incorporated proteolytic enzymes to digest proteins. Previous research has demonstrated several applications of enzymatic extraction for chemical speciation studies [48][49][50][51][52][53]. Enzymes such as pronase E [49], amylase [50], and lipase [51] have been used for extraction of arsenic species from seafood, freeze-dried apple, and hair samples, respectively.…”

Simultaneous pressurized enzymatic hydrolysis extraction and clean up for arsenic speciation in seafood samples before high performance liquid chromatography–inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry determination

“…Accelerated ultrasound-enzymatic hydrolysis procedures using ultrasound baths have been proposed for total metal extraction from edible seaweed [6] and mussel tissue [26], and selenium organic species in krill [27]. The combination of enzymatic digestion with probe sonication has also been reported for the extraction of selenium species from yeast [28], animal-based food samples [29] and total selenium in oyster, mussel and plankton [30], and for arsenic speciation in rice [31] and hair [32].…”