An atypical Toxoplasma gondii genotype in a rural Brazilian dog co-infected with Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis

Silva, Rodrigo da; Caffaro, Karen; Paula, Carolina Lechinski de; Risseti, Rafaela Mastrangelo; Langoni, Hélio; Megid, Jane; Melanchauski, Mariana Serrano; Souza, Katiane Lohn; Takahira, Regina Kiomi; Machado, Vânia Maria de Vasconcelos

doi:10.1590/0037-8682-0284-2014

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In dogs, CDV is an important cause of neurological disease, but other infectious agents include eastern equine encephalitis virus (96), S. neurona (97), and N. caninum (8, 85). Co-infections of T. gondii with viruses, like CDV, canine adenovirus type 1 and type 2, and canine parvovirus type 2 (7, 72), along with rickettsial bacteria (47) and protozoans, like Leishmania spp., N. caninum , and S. neurona (6, 15, 49, 98–100), can mask the infections, so clinicians need to pay attention to all variables.…”

Section: Recent Findings Regarding Differential Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Toxoplasmosis in Dogs and Cats: An Update

2019

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Toxoplasmosis is caused by the globally distributed protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii (phylum Apicomplexa); the disease can be clinically important for almost all homeothermic animals, including birds and humans. Toxoplasmosis course involves general clinical signs, such as fever, anorexia, or dyspnea, and more specific signs with neural, respiratory, cutaneous, or ocular involvement. Because of the wide range of clinical signs, the diagnosis in domestic and pet animals can be complicated. Hence, this review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of some scarcely discussed aspects of toxoplasmosis, such as ocular and cutaneous manifestations, congenital infections, influence of T. gondii genotype on clinical toxoplasmosis, and recent findings regarding differential diagnosis. This review could be of special interest to clinicians and researchers.

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Section: Recent Findings Regarding Differential Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Toxoplasmosis in Dogs and Cats: An Update

2019

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“…Contudo, em alguns casos os cães podem apresentar sinais clínicos referentes a alterações no trato respiratório. Um dado interessante em nosso estudo é que 41,6% dos cães examinados tinham algum sinal clínico de comprometimento respiratório, diferindo da frequência vista em outros estudos que não ultrapassaram 15% dos cães acometidos pela doença (Slappendel, 1988;Denerolle, 1996;Ciaramella et al, 1997;Koutinas et al, 1999;Silva et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…A presença de Leishmania no tecido pulmonar é rara, mas antígenos do parasito são frequentemente encontrados, sugerindo que os parasitos passam pelos pulmões, desencadeiam alterações, mas não permanecem no órgão, apesar da presença da célula hospedeira do parasito, que é o macrófago (Tryphonas et al, 1977;Duarte e Corbett, 1984;Silva et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Classificação das alterações pulmonares na leishmaniose visceral canina

Magalhães

Pinho

Oliveira

et al. 2016

RBCV

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Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar e classificar as alterações pulmonares de cães naturalmente infectados por Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum conforme as manifestações clínicas. Após o diagnóstico para LV pelo exame parasitológico, 24 cães infectados foram subdivididos em dois grupos: 10 cães com até quatro sinais clínicos; e 14 cães com cinco ou mais sinais clínicos. Como controle foram avaliados cinco cães sadios. Amostras de tecido pulmonar foram coradas com hematoxilina-eosina (H-E) e Tricrômico de Masson para avaliação histopatológica, e prata-metenamina de Grocott para excluir infecções fúngicas, bem como imunoperoxidase para detecção de Leishmania. A análise microscópica do pulmão revelou espessamento focal do septo interalveolar devido à congestão, edema e infiltrado celular. Além disso, presença de fibrose, exsudato bronquiolar e ainda descamação do epitélio bronquiolar com perda de cílios, presença de hemossiderina e hiperplasia de células caliciformes. O padrão de lesão fibrótico-celular predominou nos cães infectados com cinco ou mais sinais clínicos. Em contrapartida, fibrose estava presente em intensidade maior no grupo nos cães infectados com até quatro sinais clínicos. A análise imunoistoquímica mostrou maior intensidade de antígeno e amastigotas de Leishmania nos cães infectados com cinco ou mais sinais clínicos. A análise semi-quantitativa do antígeno mostrou correlação positiva de acordo com a intensidade da fibrose. Concluiu-se que a presença do parasita e seus antígenos modificam a arquitetura pulmonar evoluindo, em sua maioria, para o padrão fibrótico-celular em associação à intensidade das manifestações clínicas.

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“…Domestic cats and a dog showing co-infection with Leishmania spp. and Toxoplasma gondii were reported (Braga et al 2014;da Silva et al 2015). Although Leptomonas has been thought to be inhabitant in insects, recent reports revealed unusual 7-17% cases of VL and PKDL with clinical isolates of L. donovani showing co-infection with Leptomonas in India (Srivastava et al 2010;Ghosh et al 2012).…”

Section: O -I N F E C T I O N O F L E P T O M O N a S W I T H L E Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of co-infection ofLeptomonasin visceral leishmaniasis in India

et al. 2015

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Protozoan parasites Leishmania donovani (family: Trypanosomatidae) cause fatal visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and the infection relapses in apparently cured population as post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) in the Indian subcontinent. In recent years co-infection of another Trypanosomatid parasite Leptomonas with L. donovani during VL/PKDL in this region has become prominent. The observation of clinically lesser-known insect parasite, Leptomonas in leishmaniasis is intriguing to researchers. The presence of Leishmania look alike Leptomonas in the cultures of clinical isolates of Leishmania has been worrisome to those, who prefer to work with pure Leishmania cultures for drug and vaccine development or immune response studies. The exact implications of such a co-habitation, which might lead to a delay in the diagnostics of VL and elevate mortality, need a thorough investigation. Also whether Leptomonas is involved in leishmaniasis manifestation needs to be ascertained. Thus we are currently witnessing a new paradigm of a parasitic co-infection in VL/PKDL cases in India and this review outlines various opportunities for further research in understanding such emerging co-infection.

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An atypical Toxoplasma gondii genotype in a rural Brazilian dog co-infected with Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis

Cited by 9 publications

References 11 publications

Clinical Toxoplasmosis in Dogs and Cats: An Update

Clinical Toxoplasmosis in Dogs and Cats: An Update

Classificação das alterações pulmonares na leishmaniose visceral canina

Implications of co-infection ofLeptomonasin visceral leishmaniasis in India

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