An intra-laboratory cultural and real-time PCR method comparison and evaluation for the detection of subclinical paratuberculosis in dairy herds

Heuvelink, Annet; Hassan, Abdulwahed Ahmed; Weering, Hilmar van; Engelen, E. van; Bülte, Michael; Akineden, Ömer

doi:10.1007/s12223-016-0488-1

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 40 publications

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“…These animals intermittently shed low amounts of MAP bacilli in their faeces ( 10 , 16 , 22 ) and can give birth to infected calves ( 25 ), thus contributing to both horizontal and vertical modes of transmission. Infection in these animals is difficult to detect, and because the sensitivity of the ELISA test for its detection is low ( 18 ), additional diagnostic tests, such as the faecal culture test and direct faecal PCR are required ( 11 ), which are more laborious and expensive and may discourage farmers from testing their animals. In addition, intermittent excretion of MAP requires repeated examination of these animals ( 19 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective control of Johne’s disease in large Czech dairy herds

Fichtelová

Králová

Babák

et al. 2022

Journal of Veterinary Research

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Introduction Johne’s disease, caused by infection with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), causes economic losses in dairy herds due to reduced milk production and premature culling. A test-and-cull strategy coupled with changes in calf rearing management preventing new infections has been introduced into infected herds to control MAP prevalence. This study appraised the effectiveness of these practice changes. Material and Methods In 19 large dairy herds (of a median 470 milk-producing cows), implementing MAP control measures for 3–7 years, a serum ELISA was used to detect infected cows in their dry-off period. The number of ELISA-positive animals per year (EPAY) was calculated and statistical analysis was used to test whether the EPAY total decreased during the control period and to analyse the EPAY in relationship to the duration of the control programme. Results Statistical support was found for a decrease of EPAY over time (P < 0.01, odds ratio 0.756) and in 14 herds a significant fall in the percentages of EPAY during the test period (P ≤ 0.05) was noted. Conclusion Our results demonstrated the effectiveness of the control measures in place to reduce MAP infection in herds with initial EPAY ≥3.36%. The missing decreasing trend in the remaining five herds with low average initial EPAY suggested the need for additional measures to reduce the number of infected animals in these herds.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective control of Johne’s disease in large Czech dairy herds

Fichtelová

Králová

Babák

et al. 2022

Journal of Veterinary Research

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Assessing efficacy of N-Acetyl-l-Cysteine–Sodium Hydroxide on bacterial viability and enhanced recovery of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from bovine colostrum

Hassan

Khan

Ganz

et al. 2020

Journal of Microbiological Methods

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Genome-wide association analysis identified both RNA-seq and DNA variants associated to paratuberculosis in Canadian Holstein cattle ‘in vitro’ experimentally infected macrophages

et al. 2021

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Background Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the causative agent of paratuberculosis, or Johne’s disease (JD), an incurable bovine disease. The evidence for susceptibility to MAP disease points to multiple interacting factors, including the genetic predisposition to a dysregulation of the immune system. The endemic situation in cattle populations can be in part explained by a genetic susceptibility to MAP infection. In order to identify the best genetic improvement strategy that will lead to a significant reduction of JD in the population, we need to understand the link between genetic variability and the biological systems that MAP targets in its assault to dominate macrophages. MAP survives in macrophages where it disseminates. We used next-generation RNA (RNA-Seq) sequencing to study of the transcriptome in response to MAP infection of the macrophages from cows that have been naturally infected and identified as positive for JD (JD (+); n = 22) or negative for JD (healthy/resistant, JD (−); n = 28). In addition to identifying genetic variants from RNA-seq data, SNP variants were also identified using the Bovine SNP50 DNA chip. Results The complementary strategy allowed the identification of 1,356,248 genetic variants, including 814,168 RNA-seq and 591,220 DNA chip variants. Annotation using SnpEff predicted that the 2435 RNA-seq genetic variants would produce high functional effect on known genes in comparison to the 33 DNA chip variants. Significant variants from JD(+/−) macrophages were identified by genome-wide association study and revealed two quantitative traits loci: BTA4 and 11 at (P < 5 × 10− 7). Using BovineMine, gene expression levels together with significant genomic variants revealed pathways that potentially influence JD susceptibility, notably the energy-dependent regulation of mTOR by LKB1-AMPK and the metabolism of lipids. Conclusion In the present study, we succeeded in identifying genetic variants in regulatory pathways of the macrophages that may affect the susceptibility of cows that are healthy/resistant to MAP infection. RNA-seq provides an unprecedented opportunity to investigate gene expression and to link the genetic variations to biological pathways that MAP normally manipulate during the process of killing macrophages. A strategy incorporating functional markers into genetic selection may have a considerable impact in improving resistance to an incurable disease. Integrating the findings of this research into the conventional genetic selection program may allow faster and more lasting improvement in resistance to bovine paratuberculosis in dairy cattle.

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An intra-laboratory cultural and real-time PCR method comparison and evaluation for the detection of subclinical paratuberculosis in dairy herds

Cited by 3 publications

References 40 publications

Effective control of Johne’s disease in large Czech dairy herds

Effective control of Johne’s disease in large Czech dairy herds

Assessing efficacy of N-Acetyl-l-Cysteine–Sodium Hydroxide on bacterial viability and enhanced recovery of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from bovine colostrum

Genome-wide association analysis identified both RNA-seq and DNA variants associated to paratuberculosis in Canadian Holstein cattle ‘in vitro’ experimentally infected macrophages

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