Análise quantitativa de células de Purkinje em camundongos sob o uso dos esteroides anabolizantes

Abstract

Introdução. Nas últimas décadas, o uso de esteroides anabolizantes androgênicos (EAAs) tem se tornado crescente, representando um alto risco à saúde dos usuários, inclusive de ordem neurológica. Este trabalho visa elucidar mecanismos pelos quais os EAAs atuam no ce­rebelo, através da análise quantidade de células de Purkinje. Método. Foram utilizados 60 camundongos Swiss, divididos em seis grupos (n=10): G1-Machos e Fêmeas controle, G2- Machos e Fêmeas trata­dos com Deposteron®, G3-Machos e Fêmeas tratados com Winstrol Depot®. O tratamento durou 30 dias e consistiu na aplicação por via intraperitoneal (IP) de 0,8 mg/Kg de Deposteron® e 1,8 mg/Kg de Winstrol Depot®. Os animais foram submetidos a natação, durante os 30 dias, 3 vezes por semana. A eutanásia foi realizada com ina­lação de Halotano® e os cerebelos armazenados no paraformaldeído 4% em tampão fosfato pH 7,4 0,1M. Os fragmentos foram proces­sados e corados com violeta cresil e posterior contagem das células de Purkinje. Resultados. Pôde-se observar que não houve diferenças nos resultados entre as fêmeas. Entretanto, entre os machos do grupo Deposteron® apresentaram uma diminuição do número de células de Purkinje (p<0,05). Conclusão. Conclui-se portanto que os EAA estão associados à diminuição das células de Purkinje nos animais machos tratados com Deposteron®.

Neurological Consequences of Abusive Use of Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids

“…Recent research concluded that no significant changes were noted in the cellular framework, particularly in Purkinje fibers of the cerebellum 56 ; the neurons responsible for the afferent modulation of afferent sensory information reaching the cerebellar cortex 57,58 . In contrast, another similar study, but which adopted the testosterone cypionate as its focal point, demonstrated a decrease in Purkinje cells in female animals and a noticeable increase in the aggressiveness of treated animals compared to the control group 59 . Furthermore, similar investigations using alternating dosages and periods of administration of Boldenone and Stanozolol also revealed variations in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus 57 , responsible for the cellular neurotoxicity of these regions.…”

Efeitos quantitativos de doses suprafisiológicas de esteroides anabolizantes em núcleos do hipotálamo e no corpo amigdaloide de camundongos

“…The pharmacological treatment consisted in intraperitoneal injections [26][27][28] of the following AAS: Deposteron® (testosterone cypionate), from EMS Sigma Pharma, and Winstrol Depot® (stanozolol) from Landerlan Laboratory. The doses [29,30] are displayed in Table 1.…”

“…Steroids were administered twice weekly (Tuesdays and Thursdays), at the same time of the day, during 30 days. In control group, physiological saline solution was administered in the same volume as AAS in other groups [28] (Table 1).…”

“…Three times a week when the injections were not carried out (Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays), the animals were submitted to swimming for 5 minutes in a plastic container measuring 43x34x26cm, containing water at 24-26ºC temperature and at a height sufficient for the animals do not get out of the container or touch its bottom [28]. The animals were euthanized by inhalation of isoflurane for subsequent craniotomy.…”

“…Neuron cell bodies that had nucleoli and were located within the test area and the inclusion line (green dashed) were counted. The neuron cell bodies that touched the continuous red lines were excluded [28,32,38] (Figure 2). All analyzes were performed on a computer with the Axiovision 4 Image Interactive Measurement Imaging System coupled to a Carl Zeiss® AxioScope A1 microscope.…”