Objective: To report a case of primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the maxillary sinus in an 82-year-old Caucasian woman.Background: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the maxillary sinus has non-specific

Ribeiro CM, de Carli ML, Nonogaki S, Nogueira DA, Pereira AAC, Sperandio FF, Hanemann JAC. M2 macrophages coexist with a Th1-driven profile in periapical cysts. International Endodontic Journal, 51, e87-e93, 2018.Aim To evaluate the participation of both Th1 and Th2 responses in periapical cysts by assessing the presence of M2 macrophages, as well as acute IL-1 b, TNF-a and IL-6 cytokines. Methodology Twenty-four cases of periapical cysts were selected. Immuno-expressions of IL-1 b, IL-6, TNF-a and CD163 were analysed in the cystic capsules in both superficial and deeper regions. Data were analysed with paired Wilcoxon test and Spearman correlation coefficient (P ≤ 0.05). Results There was a higher expression of IL-1b, IL-6, TNF-a and M2 macrophages in the superficial region (P < 0.001) of cystic capsules. All acute cytokines had significant positive correlations amongst them regardless of the cystic capsule region. Regarding CD163, positive correlations occurred only with TNF-a (P = 0.007; r = 0.537) and IL-6 (P = 0.018; r = 0.478) in the superficial regions of the cystic capsule. Conclusions M2 macrophages participated actively in the inflammatory response of periapical cysts and correlated with the expression of certain acute Th1-related cytokines. This illustrates the coexistence of an acute and chronic Th2-driven immune response in these lesions. Although M2 macrophages favour the healing process, their presence is not sufficient for periapical cyst regression, once an acute active response has occurred due to an infectious stimuli.

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Ameloblastic fibro-odontoma (AFO) is a mixed odontogenic tumor that presents epithelial and mesenchymal components. Ameloblastic fibro-odontoma is generally diagnosed between the first and second decades of life and normally shows a slow clinical growth in the posterior portion of the maxilla or mandible, being mostly associated with 1 or more impacted teeth. Radiographic features of AFO show a radiolucent well-defined, uni, or multilocular defect due to containing variable amounts of calcified material. The enucleation of the tumor is the usual conduct and should be followed up for a long period of time. Here, the authors report the case of 17-year-old male patient who presented an extensive AFO on the right posterior side of the mandible. The panoramic radiograph and the tomographic examination revealed a multilocular radiolucent lesion with impacted teeth. Histological examination revealed connective tissue resembling the dental papilla along with epithelial strands or islands, as well as dental hard tissue such enamel and dentin. Enucleation and curettage was performed and led to good outcome. There was no recurrence after an 8-year follow-up, and oral rehabilitation was performed with dental implants.

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