Analyses and measurements of acoustically matched, air-coupled tonpilz transducers

Desilets, C.S.; Wojcik, Greg; Nikodym, Lisa; Mesterton, Kai

doi:10.1109/ultsym.1999.849179

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Several groups have used PZFLEX for design and characterisation of ultrasonic devices 21,30,31 and corresponding comparisons between PZFLEX and experiments were done to validate the performance of the software on piezoelectric modelling. 30,32 The agreement we see with the fundamental frequency is consistent with these prior results. However, there is little validation of PZFLEX for modelling nonlinear wave propagation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of nonlinear propagation of biomedical ultrasound using pzflex and the Khokhlov-Zabolotskaya-Kuznetsov Texas code

Qiao¹,

Jackson²,

Coussios³

et al. 2016

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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Nonlinear acoustics plays an important role in both diagnostic and therapeutic applications of biomedical ultrasound and a number of research and commercial software packages are available. In this manuscript, predictions of two solvers available in a commercial software package, pzflex, one using the finite-element-method (FEM) and the other a pseudo-spectral method, spectralflex, are compared with measurements and the Khokhlov-Zabolotskaya-Kuznetsov (KZK) Texas code (a finite-difference time-domain algorithm). The pzflex methods solve the continuity equation, momentum equation and equation of state where they account for nonlinearity to second order whereas the KZK code solves a nonlinear wave equation with a paraxial approximation for diffraction. Measurements of the field from a single element 3.3 MHz focused transducer were compared with the simulations and there was good agreement for the fundamental frequency and the harmonics; however the FEM pzflex solver incurred a high computational cost to achieve equivalent accuracy. In addition, pzflex results exhibited non-physical oscillations in the spatial distribution of harmonics when the amplitudes were relatively low. It was found that spectralflex was able to accurately capture the nonlinear fields at reasonable computational cost. These results emphasize the need to benchmark nonlinear simulations before using codes as predictive tools.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of nonlinear propagation of biomedical ultrasound using pzflex and the Khokhlov-Zabolotskaya-Kuznetsov Texas code

Qiao¹,

Jackson²,

Coussios³

et al. 2016

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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“…This transformation is derived and discussed elsewhere,1 4 and produces the following equations F/=n r/oo 2…”

Section: Transformation Into the Wavenumber-frequency Domainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Finite element models of the transducers yield the mechanical behavior when it is in contact with a heavy fluid field 3 and in contact with air. 4 Equivalent circuit models have been derived and analyzed. 5 ' 6 ' 7 Sonar window models have been previously studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Response of an Insonified Sonar Window Interacting with a Tonpilz Transducer Array

Hull¹

2007

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“…FEA can provide a much clearer understanding of the physical behavior of systems when compared to simple, constrained dimension analytical models [5]. Other benefits of FEA is the ability to model wave transmission, reflection and mode conversion [6], [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite element analysis simulations for ultrasonic array NDE inspections

Dobson¹,

Tweedie²,

Harvey³

et al. 2016

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. Advances in manufacturing techniques and materials have led to an increase in the demand for reliable and robust inspection techniques to maintain safety critical features. The application of modelling methods to develop and evaluate inspections is becoming an essential tool for the NDE community. Current analytical methods are inadequate for simulation of arbitrary components and heterogeneous materials, such as anisotropic welds or composite structures. Finite element analysis software (FEA), such as PZFlex, can provide the ability to simulate the inspection of these arrangements, providing the ability to economically prototype and evaluate improved NDE methods. FEA is often seen as computationally expensive for ultrasound problems however, advances in computing power have made it a more viable tool. This paper aims to illustrate the capability of appropriate FEA to produce accurate simulations of ultrasonic array inspectionsminimizing the requirement for expensive test-piece fabrication. Validation is afforded via corroboration of the FE derived and experimentally generated data sets for a test-block comprising 1D and 2D defects. The modelling approach is extended to consider the more troublesome aspects of heterogeneous materials where defect dimensions can be of the same length scale as the grain structure. The model is used to facilitate the implementation of new ultrasonic array inspection methods for such materials. This is exemplified by considering the simulation of ultrasonic NDE in a weld structure in order to assess new approaches to imaging such structures.

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Analyses and measurements of acoustically matched, air-coupled tonpilz transducers

Cited by 9 publications

References 1 publication

Simulation of nonlinear propagation of biomedical ultrasound using pzflex and the Khokhlov-Zabolotskaya-Kuznetsov Texas code

Simulation of nonlinear propagation of biomedical ultrasound using pzflex and the Khokhlov-Zabolotskaya-Kuznetsov Texas code

Dynamic Response of an Insonified Sonar Window Interacting with a Tonpilz Transducer Array

Finite element analysis simulations for ultrasonic array NDE inspections

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