Analysis of antioxidative and antiviral biomarkers β-amyrin, β-sitosterol, lupeol, ursolic acid in Guiera senegalensis leaves extract by validated HPTLC methods

Abstract

J.F. Gmel is a broad-spectrum African folk- medicinal plant, having activities against fowlpox and herpes viruses. Very recently, we have shown the anti-hepatitis B vius (HBV) potential of leaves extract (GSLE). Here, we report the antioxidative and hepatoprotective efficacy of GSLE, including HPTLC quantification of four biomarkers of known antioxidative and antiviral activities. In cultured liver cells (HuH7) GSLE attenuated DCFH-induced oxidative stress and cytotoxicity. This was supported by DPPH radical-scavenging and β-carotene-linoleic acid bleaching assays that showed strong antioxidant activity of GSLE. Further, two simple and sensitive HPTLC methods (I and II) were developed and validated to quantify β-amyrin, β- sitosterol, lupeol, ursolic acid in GSLE. While HPTLC-I (hexane: ethylacetate; 75:25; v/v) enabled quantification of β-amyrin (Rf = 0.39; 20.64 μg/mg) and β-sitosterol (Rf = 0.25; 18.56 μg/mg), HPTLC-II (chloroform: methanol; 97:3; v/v) allowed estimation of lupeol (Rf = 0.47; 6.72 μg/mg) and ursolic acid (Rf = 0.23; 5.81 μg/mg) in GSLE. Taken together, the identified biomarkers strongly supported the antioxidant and anti-HBV potential of GSLE, suggesting its activity via abating the oxidative stress. To our knowledge, this is the first report on HPTLC analysis of these biomarkers in that could be adopted for standardization and quality-control of herbal-formulations.

Shea Nut Oil Extracts Enhance the Intra-Articular Sodium Hyaluronate Effectiveness on Surgically Induced OA Progression in Rats

“…Others researchers found that lupeol acetate ameliorates collagen-induced arthritis through suppression of inflammatory cytokines and inhibition of bone erosion [24]. Indeed, the potential antioxidant and free radical scavenging effects of amyrin and lupeol have been demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo [25][26][27][28]. A recent report showed increased antioxidant activity and suppressed proinflammatory cytokine expressions in obese OA rats fed with SNO, further consolidating our previous findings [29].…”

Comparative GC-MS Analysis of Bioactive Phytochemicals from Different Plant Parts and Callus of Leptadenia reticulata Wight and Arn.

“…34 β-sitosterol shows antiviral effect against Hepatitis B Virus, HIV virus and tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). 33 First time reported from L. reticulata in this study, γ-sitosterol or Clionasterol was found in MSE (12.54%), EALE (6.86%), EASE (6.35%) and EARE (2.59%). γ-sitosterol shows anticancerous, 35 hepatoprotective, anti-hyperglycemic activity and may act as a potential antidiabetic drug.…”

“…It was absent in all ethyl acetate extracts. β-sitosterol shows various biological activities like immunomodulatory, antioxidative, hepatoprotective activity 33 and used in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. 34 β-sitosterol shows antiviral effect against Hepatitis B Virus, HIV virus and tobacco mosaic virus (TMV).…”

The inhibitory effect of some natural bioactive compounds against SARS-CoV-2 main protease: insights from molecular docking analysis and molecular dynamic simulation

“…Strychnos spinosa [25] Acanthophora spicifera [26] Cladophora fascicularis [27] Sargassum muticum [28] Antitrypanosomal [25] Anti-obesity, [28] a novel selective LXRb agonist, [29] and anticancer activities [30] b-sitosterol (4) Terrestrial plant Red macroalgae Green macroalgae Brown macroalgae Microalgae Synadenium glaucescens [31] Eucheuma cottonii [32] Ulva fasciata [33] Sargassum glaucescens [34] Nannochloropsis [35] Antimicrobial, [36] antiviral activity against hepatitis B virus, [37] antioxidant and anticancer activities [38] Glycoglycerolipids (5,9) Terrestrial plant Red macroalgae Brown macroalgae Cyanobacteria Soybean [39] Exophyllum wentii [40] Sargassum horneri [41] Phormidium sp. [42] Accumulation inhibition, [39] antitumor, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and anticancr activities [30,43] Kjellmanianone (6) Brown macroalgae Sargassum naozhouense [44] Antibacterial effect against E. coli and Bacillus subtilis [45] Loliolide 7Terrestrial plant Brown macroalgae…”