Anatomy of Consolida orientalis (Gay) Schröd. (Ranunculaceae): Root, stem and leaf

Abstract

Background and Aims: Consolida orientalis (J.Gay.) Schrödinger belonging to the Ranunculaceae family, which is called "morçiçek" in Turkey. It can be recognized by its laciniae linear leaves, intense violet flower, and follicle fruit. The aim of the present study is to elucidate the anatomical properties of C. orientalis, as one of the medically important plant species of Ranunculaceae family. Methods: Plant material was collected from Kahramankazan (Ankara-Turkey). The samples were protected in 70% alcohol. The transverse and surface sections were investigated by light microscope and photographed. Results: The root is characterized by a periderm, pericyclic sclerenchymatous ring, and vessels embedded in sclerenchymatous pith cells. It was observed that in the anatomical features of the stem, the adaxial walls of epidermis cells curved outward and were covered with a thick cuticle layer. Moreover, stomata were observed in the epidermis and the stem had hairs only at the above parts, while other parts were bare. These hairs consisted of both glandular (with a long stalk) and non-glandular (unicellular, silicified) types. The leaf is broadly v-shaped, monofacial and has a 1-layer epidermis. Ranunculaceous stomata and non-glandular (unicellular, silicified and slightly bowed) hairs were observed on both surfaces. Conclusion:The root, stem, and leaf anatomy of C. orientalis was studied for the first time. The anatomical features described in detail with reference reports could be helpful in future taxonomic studies.

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (Gc-Ms) Analysis of Consolida Thirkeana Extract

“…The Ranunculaceae family includes usually perennials herbs, the flowers of the family are bisexual and produce achenes, follicles, or baccate fruits [1][2][3][4][5]. The family members, which spread to all continents except Antarctica, are concentrated in the temperate and cold regions of the northern hemisphere [2,6].…”

“…The plant is identified by pale lilac flowers, sessile follicles, and laciniae linear leaves [3,4]. The genus Consolida can often be confused morphologically with Delphinium [5,10], in this respect, members of the genus Consolida need chemotaxonomic interest.…”