Anesthetic Equipment

Bednarski, Richard M.

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-2326-5.00016-x

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Repetitive Lecktests wurden durchgeführt, bis das Leck des Systems 168 ml Gas pro Minute betrug. Dies liegt unter den 250 ml Gas pro Minute, welche für ein Großtieranästhesiesystem als akzeptables Leck gelten (Bednarski 1991).…”

Section: Einführungunclassified

Evaluation of tidal volume measurements of the anaesthesia device Tafonius® in vitro and in vivo

Kobler

Hartnack

Sacks

et al. 2016

PHK

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The anaesthesiologic risk is higher in horses than in other domesticated animal species and thereby ventilation is a vital problem. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the anaesthesia device Tafonius ® tidal volume measurements in vitro as well as in vivo. In an in vitro study the whole system was flushed by air to reduce the air moisture to a minimum. The preparation of the anaesthesia device was exactly the same, as if there was a surgery on a patient. But instead of a horse, a seven liter calibration syringe was connected to the Y-piece of the anaesthesia device and the whole system was flooded by pure oxygen. By touch screen on the monitor of the anaesthesia device, a CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure), a tidal volume of 20 liters and an airway pressure of 20 cmH 2 O were adjusted. The leakage test was repeated and the connections tightened until the leak was 168 mL gas per minute. All the measurements were made randomly, without breaks or changes of the adjustments. For tidal volume measurements a seven liter calibration syringe was used. A connecting piece was specially manufactured, to attach the syringe to the Tafonius ® without gas leakage.14 different tidal volumes were evaluated in a random order, covering the range from 500 mL to 7000 mL using 500 mL steps. To imitate respiration during anaesthesia, three respiratory rates were simulated: 30, 15 and 6 times per minute. All the measurements were performed in duplicate, once with NICO ® interconnected and once without it. The respiratory rates and tidal volumes were chosen in random order, as well as whether the flow meter was interconnected or not. In a in vivo study twenty-one patients with a mean weight of 516 kilograms submitted for elective surgery were included. All of them received a balanced anaesthesia regime (inhalation anaesthesia with isoflurane and constant rate infusion with medetomidine (3.5 mcg/kg/h) and controlled mechanical ventilation. 16 horses were positioned in dorsal and five in lateral recumbency. The flow meter NICO ® was connected ones a steady state in the plane of anaesthesia was reached. The flow meter was left during 38 to 190 breaths. A total of 2368 breaths were measured. Mean tidal volumes reached from 4107 mL to 8964 mL. In vitro data were analysed by descriptive statistics to determine measurement accuracy. Bland-Altman plots with limits of agreement (loa) were used to analyze in vivo data. The mean difference between the volume given by the calibration syringe and the volume shown on the Tafonius ® screen was -19.45 % (standard deviation 11%). The data stored on the computer showed an average difference of -20.5 % (standard deviation 15.57 %). Whether NICO ® was interconnected or not resulted in a change in accuracy of 0.36 % in the volume measurement of the Tafonius ® . The mean difference of the volume produced with the calibration syringe and the measured volume of the NICO ® was 0.73 % (standard deviation 4.3 %). The Bland-Altman analysis from NICO ® to Tafonius ® gave a lower limit of a...

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Section: Einführungunclassified

Evaluation of tidal volume measurements of the anaesthesia device Tafonius® in vitro and in vivo

Kobler

Hartnack

Sacks

et al. 2016

PHK

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“…During induction of equine general anaesthesia, various approaches have been performed for smoothing the transition to unconsciousness, such as freestanding (providing no support and allowing the horse to sink quietly to the soft ground), support from handlers or a swinging door (to stabilise the animal as it sinks to the ground) and a tilt table (the animal is maintained against a firm surface and mechanically moved into lateral recumbency as unconsciousness ensues) (Bednarski 1991;Taylor and Clarke 1999). Induction with a sling requires special equipment but is a less complicated technique than induction with a tilt table (Taylor and Clarke 1999).…”

Section: Anaesthesia Inductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The recovery phase is the most critical period in equine general anaesthesia, and several techniques have been developed to maximise the potential for a smooth recovery. It is often necessary to include physical hands-on support (assisted manual recovery) or head and tail rope assistance (Bednarski 1991;Hubbell 1999;Taylor and Clarke 1999). However, recovery with even greater control is necessary for post operative orthopaedic cases.…”

Section: Controlled Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Full body support sling has also been used for controlled recovery in clinical situations (Bednarski 1991;Schatzmann et al 1995;Hubbell 1999; (Figs 2, 3), and may be preferred as 1) a simpler and less costly technique than pool recovery system, 2) it may provide greater hoisting power compared to head and tail rope assistance, and 3) the horse can be introduced to the sling system prior to anaesthesia and estimated smooth recovery before the surgery (Taylor and Clarke 1999).…”

Section: Controlled Recoverymentioning

confidence: 99%

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