Anthocyanins of the Garden Huckleberry, Solanum guineese

Abstract

SUMMARY The anthocyanin pigments of the garden huckleberry (Solanum guineese) were isolated and identified from their chromatographic, spectral and chemical properties. The major pigment was petanin (petnnidin‐3 (p‐coumaroyl rutinoside)‐5‐glucoside) (93%). The minor pigments were petunidin‐3‐rutinoside‐5‐glucoside (3.5ys), negretein (malvidin‐3 (p‐coumaroyl rutinoside)‐5‐glucoside (2.0%), and a new compound, guineesin, petunidin‐3‐rutinoside‐5‐glucoside acylated with two molecules of p‐coumaric acid (1.5%).

Solanum scabrum—a potential source of a coloring plant extract

“…The results of the analyses optimized for petunidin-3-(p-coumaroyl rutinoside)-5-glucoside confirmed the differences between the two groups and showed that the 'german' accessions contained remarkable high anthocyanin concentrations of 8.1-13.9 g kg À1 which were higher than those of Blueberries (1.09-2.61 g kg À1 ) or Grape (0.03-7.50 g kg À1 ) and at a similar level as that of Aroniaberries (2.00-10.00 g kg À1 ) and Elderberries (3.61-12.66 g kg À1 ) (Jansen and Flamme 2006). In the first report about anthocyanins of Solanum scabrum, Francis and Harborne (1966) found approximately 0.1% total pigment concentration of the fresh weight and concluded that the berries are appropriate as colorants. It should be emphasized that the pigment yields of the 'german' accessions calaculated as percent of the fresh weight were in the range of 0.8-1.3% and exceeded clearly the value reportet by Francis and Harborne (1966).…”

“…In the first report about anthocyanins of Solanum scabrum, Francis and Harborne (1966) found approximately 0.1% total pigment concentration of the fresh weight and concluded that the berries are appropriate as colorants. It should be emphasized that the pigment yields of the 'german' accessions calaculated as percent of the fresh weight were in the range of 0.8-1.3% and exceeded clearly the value reportet by Francis and Harborne (1966).…”

“…However, calculated as malvidin-3-glucoside the real concentrations were underestimated. Francis and Harborne (1966) established petunidin 3-p-(coumaryl-runtinoside)-5-glucoside as the major anthocyanin component in Solanum scabrum. The results of the analyses optimized for petunidin-3-(p-coumaroyl rutinoside)-5-glucoside confirmed the differences between the two groups and showed that the 'german' accessions contained remarkable high anthocyanin concentrations of 8.1-13.9 g kg À1 which were higher than those of Blueberries (1.09-2.61 g kg À1 ) or Grape (0.03-7.50 g kg À1 ) and at a similar level as that of Aroniaberries (2.00-10.00 g kg À1 ) and Elderberries (3.61-12.66 g kg À1 ) (Jansen and Flamme 2006).…”

“…(Solanaceae) may add a new shade to the number of colors in the red to purple spectrum. Francis and Harborne (1966) considered this species a useful source of colorants because the berries contain anthocyanin pigments in high concentration, the plants are vigorous and easy to grow and yield berries in large quantities. The raw berries are tasteless (Fischer 1977) but cooked with sugar they are used as a viable substitute for blueberries in pies, in preserves or jams (Facciola 1990).…”

“…The raw berries are tasteless (Fischer 1977) but cooked with sugar they are used as a viable substitute for blueberries in pies, in preserves or jams (Facciola 1990). Moreover, they serve as a colorant for fruit juices and apple sauce (Francis and Harborne 1966).…”