Antihistaminica III. Über α‐(Aminoalkyl)‐stilbene

Stoll, W. G.; Frey, Ch.; Morel, Ch. J.

doi:10.1002/hlca.19500330511

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…The dominant sugars were found to be arabinose (64-84 %), galactose (1.9-5.3 %) and glucosamines (6 %). The protein moiety contained high amounts of aspartate, glycine, glutamate and alanine (27). Purified extracts containing this glycoprotein-polysaccharide complex exhibited B-cell stimulating activity and induced the release of interleukin 1, TNFa and IFNa,p in macrophages, which could also be reproduced in mice (22,23,24).…”

Section: Active Principles Pharmacological Effects and Standardizationmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Echinacea: Biological Effects and Active Principles

Bauer

1998

ACS Symposium Series

105

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In recent years, Echinacea preparations have developed into the best selling herbal immunostimulants. Most of the products are derived from either the aerial or the underground parts of Echinacea purpurea, and from the roots of E. angustifolia or E. pallida. The common products in Europe mainly represent expressed juice preparations or alcoholic tinctures. The different species and preparations can be clearly distinguished phytochemically by their typical constituents. The most relevant compounds for standardization are caffeic acid derivatives (cichoric acid, echinacoside), alkamides, polyacetylenes, and glycoproteins/polysaccharides. Pharmacological studies have shown that cichoric acid, alkamides, and glycoproteins/polysaccharides possess immunomodulatory activity. Therefore they might be considered as active principles and best suited for standardization purposes. Clinical effects have been demonstrated for the expressed juice of the aerial parts of Echinacea purpurea in the adjuvant therapy of relapsing infections of the respiratory and urinary tracts, as well as for alcoholic tinctures of E. pallida and E. purpurea roots as adjuvants in the therapy of common cold and flu. Historical Use and Botanical Aspects of Echinacea SpeciesThe genus Echinacea is endemic to North America, where it occurs in the Great Plains in between the Appalachian Mountains in the east and the Rocky Mountains in the west. Its use can be traced back to the American Indians, who regarded Echinacea as one of the most favored remedies to treat wounds, snake bites, headache and the common cold (7). The territories of the tribes that most frequently used Echinacea, show a close correspondence with the distribution range of Echinacea angustifolia. Echinacea pallida and E. purpurea, and possibly other Echinacea species have also been used, however. 140

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Section: Active Principles Pharmacological Effects and Standardizationmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Later 2-O-feruloyl-tartaric acid (16) and 2-0-caffeoyl-3-0-cumaroyltartaric acid (17) were also found (27). (28).…”

Section: Active Principles Pharmacological Effects and Standardizationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Echinacea: Biological Effects and Active Principles

Bauer

1998

ACS Symposium Series

105

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“…The latter is recoverable as lysergic acid, after alkali hydrolysis (Jacobs & Craig, 1934, 1936Smith & Timmis, 1937). After carefully controlled alkali hydrolysis, the x-hydroxy-oc-amino acid moiety of the side chain of ergotamine may be isolated as the hydrazone of the corresponding a-oxo acid, albeit in fairly low yield (Stoll & Hofmann, 1950). Making the conditions for the recovery of this component optimum resulted in a diminution in the recoveries of phenylalanine and proline.…”

Section: Degradation Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosynthesis of ergotamine by Claviceps purpurea (Fr.) Tul

Bassett

Chain

Corbett

1973

Biochemical Journal

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“…Echinacoside was firstly reported to be extracted from Echinacea angustifolia, Compositae, [2] with a content around 0.2% [3] and subsequently prepared from the aerial part of Penstemon crandallii A. Nels, Scrophulariaceae, with a content of 0.09% [4]. Currently, echinacoside is largely extracted from Cistanche tubulosa, Orobanchaceae, with the content of no less than 1.0% [5], a perennial parasitical plant on the roots of Haloxylox ammodendron and H. persicum, Chenopodiaceae.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%