Antihyperglycemic activity of total extract and fractions of Anogeissus leiocarpus

Abstract

Anogeissus leiocarpus (Combretaceae) is a medicinal plant used by traditional practitioners to treat people living with diabetes mellitus in Togo. The objective of this work was to evaluate the hypoglycemic activity of the plant. The hydroalcoholic extract and fractions of A. leiocarpus roots was evaluated on hyperglycemic mice by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and on normoglycemic mice. The effect of the total extract and fractions was also measured on the adsorption and absorption of glucose respectively in vitro and ex vivo. At 30 minutes after glucose overload, the total extract and all fractions (supernatant and pellet) significantly (p< 0.0001) reduced hyperglycemia compared to controls. However, this reduction in hyperglycemia was greater in mice treated with the supernatant fraction at 100 mg.kg-1 during 180 minutes (p < 0.01). In our conditions, the extract at the 500 mg.kg-1 of the total extract in normoglycemic mice did not significantly decrease (p>0.05) basal blood glucose levels compared to controls. In vitro, the extract and fractions of A. leiocarpus adsorbed glucose and inhibited glucose intestinal absorption ex vivo. The results of this study support the use of A. leiocarpus as an antidiabetic plant.
 Keywords: Anogeissus leiocarpus- fractions- antihyperglycemic- adsorption – absorption.

Antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant properties of hydro-alcoholic extracts from Anogeissus leiocarpus (Combretaceae)

“…The method of fractionation of the hydroalcoholic extract of the roots of Anogeissus leiocarpus [ 8 ] has allowed two fractions to be obtained; the supernatant fraction and the pellet fraction. With phytochemical screening, the presence of alkaloids, saponins and polyphenolic compounds were revealed in the different fractions as well as in the total extract, in accordance to the work of [ 29 ].…”

“…About 30g of hydroethanolic extract obtained was suspended in frozen ethanol 75% within 24 h. Supernatant was separated from pellet by centrifugation at 2500 rpm and evaporated in vacuum at 45 °C using a rotary evaporator. Pellet was then concentrated to dryness [ 8 ].…”

“…Our previous studies had revealed the antihyperglycemic activity of the total extract and fractions (supernatant and pellet) of roots of Anogeissus leiocarpus . Administered at a dose of 500 mg/kg, the hydro alcoholic extract of A. leiocarpus lowered hyperglycemia in ICR mice with carbohydrate overload but did not show any significant effect on basal glycemia; comparing the fractions, the supernatant fraction is the most biologically active at the dose of 100 mg/kg [ 8 ].…”

Genotoxicity Assessment and Protective Effect of Anogeissus leiocarpus Roots against Cyclophosphamide-Induced DNA Damage In Vivo

“…e choice of doses of 250, 500, and 1000 mg•kg −1 was based on the therapeutic dose of A. leiocarpus that has been determined in our previous studies [19,20].…”

“…Our previous works had reported the antihyperglycemic, lipid-lowering, and antioxidant activities of the total extract and fractions of roots of Anogeissus leiocarpus [19,20]. Administered at daily repeated doses of 500 mg•kg −1 and 1000 mg•kg −1 , the hydroalcoholic extract of A. leiocarpus is found to be nontoxic in rats following either a single dose or daily repeated doses during 28 days in vivo [21].…”