Antineoplastic 31-Norcycloartanones from Solanum cernuum Vell

Abstract

Triterpenoids with 31-norcycloartanone structure were isolated for the first time from the Solanum genus. Cycloeucalenone and 24-oxo-31-norcycloartanone were the main constituents of the dichloromethane extract of Solanum cernuum Vell. leaves [7% (w / w) and 1.47% (w / w)]. Both triterpenoids were tested against human tumour cell lines, and 24-oxo-31-norcycloartanone was significantly active and selective against the lung tumour cell line NCI-H460 with total growth inhibition at 1.10 μg/mL, growth inhibition 50 at 0.19 μg/mL and lethal concentration 50 at 8.43 μg/mL, while cycloeucalenone showed poor activity. A homologous series of alkanes (C 25 ÐC 34 ), -sitosterol, and the xanthophyll lutein were also identified. The antiulcer activity was assayed for the dichloromethane extract. In the gastric ulcer model induced by 95% ethanol, administration of 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg/po dichloromethane extract gave ulcer lesion indices of, respectively, 38.2, 61.0 and 81.9%, while carbenoxolone inhibited 88.9% at 200 mg/kg. In the gastric ulcer model induced by indomethacin the dichloromethane extract showed a small percentage of lesion inhibition. The ethanol extract was also analyzed and was mainly composed of glycoalkaloids, peptides and disaccharides.

Toxicological evaluation of acute and sub-chronic ingestion of hydroalcoholic extract of Solanum cernuum Vell. in mice

“…diseases being applied in the healing of skin ulcers (Lorenzi, 2002). The literature shows pharmacological activity of the hydroalcoholic extract on gastric ulcer (Araújo et al, 2002) and antineoplastic activity of the constituents present in the dichloromethane extract of Solanum cernuum (Grando et al, 2008).…”

Evaluation of native and exotic Brazilian plants for anticancer activity

“…Among them are Baccharis dracunculifolia [20], Bidens pilosa [21], Chelidonium majus [22], Chenopodium ambrosioides [23], Citrus limon [24], Coffea arabica [25], Curcuma longa [26], C. zedoaria [27], Hypericum perforatum [28], Leonurus sibiricus [29], Malpighia glabra [30], Malva sylvestris [31], Maytenus ilicifolia [32], Mikania hirsutissima [33], Nicotiana tabacum [34], Oenothera biennis [35], Origanum majorana [36], Petiveria alliacea [37], Phyllanthus tenellus [38], Piper tuberculatum [39], Schinus molle [40], S. terebinthifolia [41], Senna obtusifolia [42], Solanum cernuum [43], Stevia rebaudiana [44], Taraxacum officinale [45], Tetradenia riparia [46], Tropaeolum majus [46], Urtica dioica [47], and Vernonia polyanthes [48] (Table 1). Similarly, the carcinogenesis preventive extract of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis [49] also afforded low to moderate values.…”

Antigenotoxic and Antioxidant Properties of <i>Solanum cernuum</i> and Its Alkaloid, Cernumidine

“…[4][5][6][7] Furthermore, activity against gastric ulcer 8) and antineoplastic activity of the constituents of the dichloromethane extract have been reported in the literature. 9) The bioactive compounds of S. cernuum (SC) can produce both desirable and undesirable effects. 10,11) Toxicity is dependent on factors such as cultivar, growth conditions, light, and type and concentration of the present compounds including guanidine alkaloids.…”