Antinociceptive Effect of BPC-157 in the Formalin-induced Pain Model

Park, Sang Yoong; Choi, So Ron; Kim, Jeong-Ho; Lee, Seung Cheol; Jeong, Seong Yeop; Jeong, Joon Ho; Lee, Tae Young

doi:10.7180/kmj.2021.36.1.1

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…This may be performed based on the large counteracting effect of BPC 157 [ 5 , 9 ] on temperature disturbances (hypothermia (alcohol, reserpine, and serotonin-syndrome) [ 96 , 107 , 120 ], hyperthermia (yeast, serotonin-syndrome) [ 107 , 195 ]), and convulsions (picrotoxine, strychnine, bicuculline, metrazole [ 195 ], insulin [ 35 ], paracetamol [ 36 ], alcohol withdrawal [ 96 ], succinylcholine [ 158 ], serotonin syndrome [ 107 ], and lidocaine [ 159 ]). There may also be a particular effect on pain in seemingly opposite, counteracted local corneal anesthesia (tetracaine oxybuprocaine [ 160 ] and intraplantar, axillary, and intratechal (lidocaine, bupivacaine (arrhythmias)) [ 160 , 196 ], counteracted morphine analgesia, and haloperidol potentiation of the morphine analgesia [ 125 ] vs. counteracted pain (MgSO 4 and acetic acid test [ 195 ], succinylcholine muscle pain [ 158 ], formalin-pain [ 197 ], incisional teeth pain [ 198 ], and knee pain [ 199 ]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 May Recover Brain–Gut Axis and Gut–Brain Axis Function

et al. 2023

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Conceptually, a wide beneficial effect, both peripherally and centrally, might have been essential for the harmony of brain–gut and gut–brain axes’ function. Seen from the original viewpoint of the gut peptides’ significance and brain relation, the favorable stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 evidence in the brain–gut and gut–brain axes' function might have been presented as a particular interconnected network. These were the behavioral findings (interaction with main systems, anxiolytic, anticonvulsive, antidepressant effect, counteracted catalepsy, and positive and negative schizophrenia symptoms models). Muscle healing and function recovery appeared as the therapeutic effects of BPC 157 on the various muscle disabilities of a multitude of causes, both peripheral and central. Heart failure was counteracted (including arrhythmias and thrombosis), and smooth muscle function recovered. These existed as a multimodal muscle axis impact on muscle function and healing as a function of the brain–gut axis and gut–brain axis as whole. Finally, encephalopathies, acting simultaneously in both the periphery and central nervous system, BPC 157 counteracted stomach and liver lesions and various encephalopathies in NSAIDs and insulin rats. BPC 157 therapy by rapidly activated collateral pathways counteracted the vascular and multiorgan failure concomitant to major vessel occlusion and, similar to noxious procedures, reversed initiated multicausal noxious circuit of the occlusion/occlusion-like syndrome. Severe intracranial (superior sagittal sinus) hypertension, portal and caval hypertensions, and aortal hypotension were attenuated/eliminated. Counteracted were the severe lesions in the brain, lungs, liver, kidney, and gastrointestinal tract. In particular, progressing thrombosis, both peripherally and centrally, and heart arrhythmias and infarction that would consistently occur were fully counteracted and/or almost annihilated. To conclude, we suggest further BPC 157 therapy applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 May Recover Brain–Gut Axis and Gut–Brain Axis Function

et al. 2023

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“…Furthermore, and importantly for muscle injury healing and function recovery, BPC 157 has an analgesic effect of its own [ 161 , 162 , 163 , 164 ]. It is of note that, consistently upon injury induction, the BPC 157-treated rats regularly exhibited fast function recovery (i.e., lack of leg contracture) (i.e., [ 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 ]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 and Striated, Smooth, and Heart Muscle

et al. 2022

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First, we review the definitively severed myotendinous junction and recovery by the cytoprotective stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 therapy, its healing that might combine both transected and detached tendon and transected muscle, ligament and bone injuries, applied alone, as native peptide therapy, effective in rat injury, given intraperitoneally or in drinking water or topically, at the site of injury. As a follow up, we reviewed that with the BPC 157 therapy, its cytoprotective ability to organize simultaneous healing of different tissues of and full recovery of the myotendinous junction might represent the particular muscle therapy against distinctive etiopathology muscle disabilities and weakness. In this, BPC 157 therapy might recover many of muscle disabilities (i.e., succinylcholine, vascular occlusion, spinal cord compression, stroke, traumatic brain injury, severe electrolyte disturbances, neurotoxins, neuroleptics, alcohol, serotonin syndrome and NO-system blockade and tumor-cachexia). These might provide practical realization of the multimodal muscle-axis impact able to react depending on the condition and the given agent(s) and the symptoms distinctively related to the prime injurious cause symptoms in the wide healing concept, the concept of cytoprotection, in particular. Further, the BPC 157 therapy might be the recovery for the disabled heart functioning, and disabled smooth muscle functioning (various sphincters function recovery). Finally, BPC 157, native and stable in human gastric juice, might be a prototype of anti-ulcer cytoprotective peptide for the muscle therapy with high curing potential (very safe profile (lethal dose not achieved), with suited wide effective range (µg-ng regimens) and ways of application).

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“…BPC-157 may have little effect on the component of the response evoked by persistent small afferent inputs. Thus, the anti-inflammatory action of BPC-157 might contribute partly to reversing acute thresholds or motor function induced by local tissue injury of inflammatory cytokines [ 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The anti-nociceptive effect of BPC-157 on the incisional pain model in rats

Jung

Kim

et al. 2022

J Dent Anesth Pain Med

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Background The pentadecapeptide BPC-157 has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and wound healing effects on multiple target tissues and organs. Peptides have potent anti-inflammatory effects on periodontal tissues in rats with periodontitis. Few studies have investigated the effect of BPC-157 on pain after dental procedures or oral surgeries. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the antinociceptive effects of BPC-157 on postoperative incisional pain in rats. Methods Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: control (saline with the same volume), BPC10 (10 µg/kg of BPC-157), BPC20 (20 µg/kg of BPC-157), BPC40 (40 µg/kg of BPC-157), and morphine (5 mg/kg of morphine). A 1-cm longitudinal incision was made through the skin, fascia, and muscle of the plantar aspect of the hind paw in isoflurane-anesthetised rats. Withdrawal responses were measured using von Frey filaments at 0, 2, 6 h and 4, 7 d after incision. The formalin test was also performed to differentiate its anti-nociceptive effect from an inflammatory reaction or central sensitization. Pain behavior was quantified periodically in phases 1 and 2 by counting the number of flinches in the ipsilateral paw after injection with 30 µL of 5% formalin. Results The threshold of mechanical allodynia was significantly increased in the BPC10, BPC20, BPC40 and morphine groups compared with that in the control group at 2 h. These increasing thresholds then returned to the levels of the control group. The BPC-157 group showed a much higher threshold at 4 days after incision than the control group. The thresholds of the BPC groups, except the morphine group, were normalized 7 days after incision. The flinching numbers of the BPC10, BPC20, BPC40 and morphine groups were significantly decreased in phase 1, but there was no decrease in the BPC-157 groups except the morphine group in phase 2. Conclusions BPC-157 was effective only for a short period after incision. It was also effective during phase 1 but not during phase 2, as determined by the formalin test. BPC-157 might have a short antinociceptive effect, even though it has anti-inflammatory and wound healing effects.

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Antinociceptive Effect of BPC-157 in the Formalin-induced Pain Model

Cited by 4 publications

References 23 publications

Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 May Recover Brain–Gut Axis and Gut–Brain Axis Function

Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 May Recover Brain–Gut Axis and Gut–Brain Axis Function

Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 and Striated, Smooth, and Heart Muscle

The anti-nociceptive effect of BPC-157 on the incisional pain model in rats

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