Antioxidant and Tyrosinase Inhibition Activity Promoting Effects of Perilla by the Light Emitting Plasma

Kim

Yoo

et al. 2022

JABC

Self Cite

In this study, the effects of soil conditions on antioxidant activities of the aerial and underground parts of rosemary were assessed to determine the most effective soil conditions for cultivation. The antioxidant activity was the highest (51.58±2.93 µg/mL) when cultivated in the mixture of gardening soil and vermiculite using DPPH assay. The antioxidant activity of underground parts the highest (127.48±12.38 µg/mL) when cultivated in the mixture of soil, vermiculite, and perlite. ABTS assay showed that the antioxidant activity of aerial parts was 230.34±57.93 µg•mL −1 when cultivated in the mixture of gardening soil and vermiculite and that of underground parts was 320.98±16.04 µg•mL −1 when cultivated in the mixture of gardening soil, vermiculite, and perlite. The total phenolic content of aerial parts was the highest (155.25±2.96 mg GAE/g) when cultivated in the mixture of gardening soil. The total flavonoid content of aerial parts was the highest (67.32±5.27 mg QE/g) when cultivated in the mixture of gardening soil. Therefore, the mixture of gardening soil, vermiculite, and perlite is superior to gardening soil alone for cultivation of rosemary to increase its antioxidant activity as well as total phenolic and flavonoid content.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil conditions during cultivation affect the total phenolic and flavonoid content of rosemary

Kim

Yoo

et al. 2022

JABC

Self Cite

“…Specifically, the aerial part extract showed the highest activity (63.1 ± 2.6%) under fluorescent light, while the underground part extract showed the highest activity (84.6 ± 2.9%) under LED-red light (Figure 4). In another study on each part of Perilla grown under various artificial light sources, the tyrosinase inhibitory activity increased with increase in concentration, with the highest activity recorded under LEP [32]. Similarly, in another study on Astragalus membranaceus grown under artificial light, the highest tyrosinase inhibitory activity (64.49%) was recorded under LEP [33].…”

Section: Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity Of a Macrocephala Grown Under...mentioning

confidence: 83%

Effect of Artificial Light Treatment on the Physiological Property and Biological Activity of the Aerial and Underground Parts of Atractylodes macrocephala

Hwang

Han³

et al. 2022

Agronomy

Self Cite

Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz. is primarily used as a raw material in herbal medicine to treat digestive diseases. To improve the functionality of A. macrocephala, its growth patterns under artificial light were studied. A. macrocephala grew better under MEL light, with the highest chlorophyll content (57.07 ± 0.65 SPAD), than under other artificial light sources. The DPPH free radical scavenging activity of 2000 μg·mL−1 underground extract treated with LED-red light was the highest (95.3 ± 1.1%). Furthermore, the total phenol and flavonoid contents of underground extract treated with LED-green light were the highest at 24.93 ± 0.3 mg GAE·g−1 and 11.2 ± 0.3 mg QE·g−1, respectively. Moreover, in the analysis of whitening activity, the tyrosinase inhibition rate of 5000 μg·mL −1 extract treated with LED-red light was the highest (84.6 ± 2.9%). In anti-inflammatory activity assay, LPS- induced RAW 264.7 cells exposed to 100 μg·mL−1 extract treated with fluorescent light showed the lowest NO levels (2.97 ± 0.14%). Finally, the expression of iNOS and COX-2, which are related to anti-inflammatory activity, was suppressed in cells exposed to artificial light-treated extract compared with that in controls, indicating potent anti-inflammatory activity. Therefore, growth under artificial light can improve the various biological functions of A. macrocephala.

“…Except for the LED-green light, there was no significant difference between the aerial and underground extracts under the different artificial light sources. The total polyphenol content was higher under LEP treatment than that under LED treatment during perilla breeding using an artificial light source, and it was reported that it had the highest content, particularly 53.1 ± 0.5 mg GAE/g in the stem of perilla [ 26 ]. When kale was grown under an artificial light source, the polyphenol content under red light and polyphenol synthesis effect under the mixed light quality of blue + red light was significant.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The flavonoid content pattern according to the artificial light source using medicinal plants shows a large difference in the content response to a specific wavelength depending on the plant species. The total flavonoid content of root extracts treated with LED red and blue light was found to be higher than that of root extracts treated with other light sources in an experiment using perilla artificial light sources [ 26 ]. In cultivating kale using an artificial light source, it was found that the effect of light intensity on flavonoid synthesis was significant in the blue-white and blue-red mixed-light irradiated groups compared with that in the fluorescent and red light treatment groups [ 27 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Growth Characteristics and Biological Activities of ‘Dachul’, a Hybrid Medicinal Plant of Atractylodes macrocephala × Atractylodes japonica, under Different Artificial Light Sources

Hwang

Park

et al. 2022

Plants

Self Cite

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different artificial light sources on the growth characteristics and various biological activities of the Atractylodes macrocephala x Atractylodes japonica hybrid cv. ‘Dachul’, which is highly useful for medicinal purposes. The plant had the largest biomass with a plant height of 38.20 ± 1.95 cm when treated with microwave electrodeless light (MEL). The chlorophyll content of the plants treated with fluorescent light (FL) was 53.93 ± 1.05 SPAD and was the highest. The antioxidant effect, determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), was the highest with 92.7 ± 0.2% in plants treated with light-emitting diode (LED)-green light. Total phenol and flavonoid contents were significantly higher with 19.7 ± 0.5 mg GAE/g and 40.2 ± 2.2 mg QE/g in the sample treated with LED-green light, respectively. For antimicrobial activity using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) technique, the inhibitory ability against Escherichia coli was at 0.25 mg/mL under LED-green light treatment. The whitening activity using tyrosinase enzyme showed the highest tyrosinase inhibitory ability at 62.1 ± 1.2% of the above extract treated with MEL light. To confirm the immune activity in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells, NO production of inflammation-related substances was measured. In addition, the inflammation-related genes iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase), COX-2 (cyclooxygenase-2), and TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α) in the same sample were confirmed using reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR, and the result showed that gene expression was suppressed compared with that in the control group. It is expected that Dachul plants treated with LED-blue light will play an important role in enhancing intracellular anti-inflammatory activity. From these results, the effect for various biological activities appeared in a significantly diverse spectrum in response to different wavelengths of artificial light sources in Dachul.