Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-septic potential of phenolic acids and flavonoid fractions isolated from Lolium multiflorum

Abstract

Context: Interest has recently renewed in using Lolium multiflorum Lam. (Poaceae) (called Italian ryegrass; IRG) silage as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory diet.Objective: This study investigated the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-septic potential of IRG silage and identified the primary components in IRG active fractions.Materials and methods: Total 16 fractions were separated from the chloroform-soluble extract of IRG aerial part using Sephadex LH-20 column before HPLC analysis. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of the fractions at doses of 0–100 μg/mL were investigated using various cell-free and cell-mediated assay systems. To explore anti-septic effect of IRG fractions, female ICR and BALB/c mice orally received 40 mg/kg of phenolic acid and flavonoid-rich active fractions F7 and F8 every other day for 10 days, respectively, followed by LPS challenge.Results: The active fractions showed greater antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential compared with other fractions. IC50 values of F7 and F8 to reduce LPS-stimulated NO and TNF-α production were around 15 and 30 μg/mL, respectively. Comparison of retention times with authentic compounds through HPLC analysis revealed the presence of caffeic acid, ferulic acid, myricetin and kaempferol in the fractions as primary components. These fractions inhibited LPS-stimulated MAPK and NF-κB activation. Supplementation with F7 or F8 improved the survival rates of mice to 70 and 60%, respectively, in LPS-injected mice and reduced near completely serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels.Discussion and conclusion: This study highlights antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-septic activities of IRG active fractions, eventually suggesting their usefulness in preventing oxidative damage and inflammatory disorders.

Anti-inflammatory effect of date seeds (<i>Phoenix dactylifera</i> L) on carrageenan-induced edema in rats

“…In this study, the inflammatory responses were significantly suppressed by date seeds at all doses tested (p < 0.05), as depicted in the differences in enzyme activities between the treatment groups and the negative control group. The anti-inflammatory effects of the seeds may be associated with polyphenolic compounds and flavonoids, as shown in their ability to inhibit the production of nitric oxide (NO), TNF-α, and IL-6 [17].…”

Dereplication by HPLC‐DAD‐ESI‐MS/MS and Screening for Biological Activities of Byrsonima Species (Malpighiaceae)

“…These antioxidant compounds are able to scavenge a wide range of reactive species and are capable of inhibiting the expression of genes that are important for the production of inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO) (Tuñón et al, 2009;Costa et al, 2012). Moreover, studies with different plantbased extracts showed that the presence of phenolic compounds, flavonoids and gallic acid inhibits the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), an important mediator involved in systemic inflammation, acute phase reaction and the production of other cytokines and mediators (Choi et al, 2017;Yoo et al, 2017).…”

Myricetin Attenuates LPS-induced Inflammation in RAW 264.7 Macrophages and Mouse Models

“…Myricetin (3,3′,4′,5,5′, is an abundant flavonoid compound extracted from natural ingredients such as berries, herbs and vegetables (Salvamani et al, 2014). It contributes to the prevention and/or delay of various pathological processes including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and inflammatory disorders (Choi et al, 2017;Domitrovic et al, 2015). However, little is concerned about its preventive response on LPS-induced lung injury.…”